转型时期广州城市公共服务设施空间分析

doi:10.11821/yj2011030004

地理研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 424-436.doi: 10.11821/yj2011030004

转型时期广州城市公共服务设施空间分析

高军波¹, 周春山², 王义民¹, 江海燕^2,3

1. 信阳师范学院城市与环境科学学院,信阳 464000;
2. 中山大学城市与区域研究中心,广州 510275;
3. 广东工业大学建筑与城市规划学院,广州 510090

收稿日期:2010-05-08 修回日期:2010-11-02 出版日期:2011-03-20 发布日期:2011-03-20
通讯作者: 周春山(1964-),男,河南人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事城市地理、城市内部空间结构、城市与区域规划等方面的研究。E-mail:zhoucs@mail.sysu.edu.cn
作者简介:高军波(1979-),男,河南信阳人,博士,讲师,主要从事城市内部空间结构、城市与区域规划研究。 E-mail:gaojunbo689@yahoo.com.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(40971097);教育部人文社科青年基金(10YJC840036);信阳师范学院博士科研启动基金项目

Spatial analysis on urban public service facilities of Guangzhou City during the economy system transformation

GAO Jun-bo¹, ZHOU Chun-shan², WANG Yi-min¹, JIANG Hai-yan^2,3

1. College of Urban and Environment Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China;
2. Center for Urban and Regional Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
3. College of Archifecture and Urban Planning, Guangdong University of Techology, Guangzhou 510090, China

Received:2010-05-08 Revised:2010-11-02 Online:2011-03-20 Published:2011-03-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过构建城市公共服务设施空间分布综合公平指数模型,借助三维模拟及GIS空间自相关技术,探讨了广州城市公共服务设施空间分布格局、公平性特征及其形成机制。结果表明:广州城市公共服务设施空间分布呈核心—边缘格局,区域供给规模差异大且与人口分布不相协调,区际及不同类型设施的空间聚集水平差异显著;城市公共服务设施空间分布综合公平程度总体较低,且整体综合公平水平低于大部分单类设施综合公平水平,综合公平程度在空间分布上呈以越秀区和海珠区北部为核心的单中心圈层结构空间格局,不同圈层间综合公平程度差异较大;地理环境、历史沉积、经济发展及转型期制度政策变革是驱动广州城市公共服务设施空间格局演进主导因素,体现出西方国家城市公共资源配置过程中"城市生态法则"和"专业化决策机制"共同作用的特征。

关键词: 城市公共服务设施, 空间公平性, 广州市

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the spatial pattern, characteristics of equity and its formational mechanism of urban public service facilities in Guangzhou city by constructing the integrated equity index model, using three-dimensional simulation and spatial autocorrelation techniques based on GIS. We concluded that the urban public service facilities of Guangzhou shows a core-periphery spatial distribution pattern. There are great differences of public service facilities provision in different districts of Guangzhou, and the public service facilities provision are not coordinated with the population distribution, which is significantly different from aggregation levels among different districts and facilities. The general provision level of urban public service facilities is found to be low and has an unbalanced distribution. And the spatial distribution of comprehensive fair level is a single center circle structure, with the Yuexiu and northern Haizhu district as the core, and the differences between the central city and peripheral areas are distinct. The geographical environment, historical accumulatition, economic development and the reform of institutions and policies during the transitional period have been the main factors driving the evolution of spatial patterns of urban public services in Guangzhou, which was the result of interaction of 'urban ecological law' and 'professional decision-making mechanism'. Finally, this article proposes that the spatial distribution research of urban public service facilities should combine the macro-spatial analysis with micro-survey from the facilities-user standpoint, which can guide public facilities provision and help to realize the'equalization of public services'.

Key words: urban public service facilities, spatial equity, Guangzhou City

高军波, 周春山, 王义民, 江海燕. 转型时期广州城市公共服务设施空间分析[J]. 地理研究, 2011, 30(3): 424-436.

GAO Jun-bo, ZHOU Chun-shan, WANG Yi-min, JIANG Hai-yan. Spatial analysis on urban public service facilities of Guangzhou City during the economy system transformation[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2011, 30(3): 424-436.

参考文献

[1] Knox P L.Residential structure,facility location and patterns of accessibility. In: Cox K,Johnston R J.Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene. London: Longman,1982. 316~362.

[2] Rich R C. Neglected issues in the study of urban service distribution: A research agenda. Urban Studies,1979,16(2):143~156.

[3] Lineberry R L.Equality and urban policy,the distribution of municipal public service. Everly Hills, CA: Sage,1977.

[4] Lucy W H.Equity and planning for local services.Journal American Planning Association, 1981,47(5):447~451.

[5] Knox P L.The intraurban ecology of primacy medical care:Patterns of accessbility and their policy implications.Environment and Planning A,1978,10(4):415~435.

[6] Pacione Michael.Access to urban services: The case of secondary schools in Glasgow.Scottish Geograpgical Magazine,1989,105(6):12~18.

[7] Ringquist E J. Assessing evidence of environmental inequities: A meta-analysis. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management,2005,24(2):223~247.

[8] Zhang Yangjian, Michael A Tarrant, Gary T Green. The importance of differentiating urban and rural phenomena in examining the unequal distribution of locally desirable land.Journal of Environmental Management,2008,88(6):1314~1319.

[9] Bumett A.Neighborhood participation, political demand making and local outputs in British and North American cities. In: Kirby A Knox P, Pinch S.Public Service Provision and Urban Development Croom Helm, London. 1984.316~362.

[10] Miranda Rowan A,Tunyavong Ittipone. Patterned inequality?Reexamining the role of distributive politics in urban service delivery.Urban Affairs a Quarterly, 1994,29:509~534.

[11] Erkip F B. The distribution of urban public service: The case of parks and recreational services in Ankara.Cities,1997,14(6): 353~361.

[12] Heynen N, Perkins H A, Roy P.The political ecology of uneven urban green space: the impact of political economy on race and ethnicity in producing environmental inequality in milwaukee. Urban Affairs Review,2006,42(1):3~25.

[13] 江海燕,周春山,肖荣波.广州公园绿地的空间差异及社会公平研究.城市规划,2010,34(4):43~49.

[14] 尹海伟,徐建刚.上海公园空间可达性与公平性分析.城市发展研究,2009,16(6):71~76.

[15] 林康,陆玉麒,刘俊,等. 基于可达性角度的公共产品空间公平性的定量评价方法——以江苏省仪征市为例.地理研究,2009,28(1):215~226.

[16] 马林兵,曹小曙.一种启发式A*算法和网格划分的空间可达性计算方法.地理研究, 2008 ,27 (1) :93~99.

[17] 朱华华,闫浩文.李玉龙,基于Voronoi图的公共服务设施布局优化方法.测绘科学, 2008,33(2):72~75.

[18] 陶海燕,徐勇.广州市海珠区公共医疗卫生服务的公平性研究.疾病监测,2006,22(6):408~412.

[19] 李郇,符文颖.城市政府基础设施投资在住宅市场的资本化考察——基于广州价格数据的Hedonic模型构建,地理研究,2010,29(7):1269~1280.

[20] 高军波,周春山,江海燕,等.广州城市公共服务设施空间分异研究.人文地理, 2010,31(3):78~84.

[21] Stewart J Q, Warntz, W.Physics of population distribution. Journal of Regional Science, 1958,1(1):99~123.

[22] Ko-Wan Tsou,Yu-Ting Hung,Yao-Lin Chang. An accessibility-based integrated measure of relative spatial equity in urban public facilities. Cities,2005,22(6):424~435.

[23] Talen E , Anselin L. Assessing spatial equity: An evaluation of measures of accessibility to public playgrounds. Environment and Planning A, 1998,30(5): 595~613.

[24] Houston D .Job proximity and the urban employment problem: Do suitable nearby jobs improve neighborhood employment rates.A comment.Urban Studies, 1998, 35(1):7~23.

[25] 曹志冬,王劲峰,高一鸽,等.广州SARS流行的空间风险因子与空间相关性特征.地理学报,2008,63(9):981~993.

[26] 王法辉.基于GIS的数量方法与应用.姜世国,滕骏华译.北京:商务印书馆,2009.213~214.

转型时期广州城市公共服务设施空间分析

Spatial analysis on urban public service facilities of Guangzhou City during the economy system transformation

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	高枫, 李少英, 吴志峰, 吕帝江, 黄冠平, 刘小平. 广州市主城区共享单车骑行目的地时空特征与影响因素[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(12): 2859-2872.
[2]	张国俊, 王珏晗, 庄大昌. 广州市产业生态化时空演变特征及驱动因素[J]. 地理研究, 2018, 37(6): 1070-1086.
[3]	周春山, 童新梅, 王珏晗, 赖舒琳. 2000-2010年广州市人口老龄化空间分异及形成机制[J]. 地理研究, 2018, 37(1): 103-118.
[4]	文雅, 龚建周, 胡银根, 胡志仁. 基于生态安全导向的城市空间扩展模拟与分析[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(3): 518-528.
[5]	李少英, 吴志峰, 李碧莹, 刘轶伦, 陈晓越. 基于互联网房产数据的住宅容积率多尺度时空特征——以广州市为例[J]. 地理研究, 2016, 35(4): 770-780.
[6]	杨文越, 李涛, 曹小曙. 广州市社区出行低碳指数格局及其影响因素的空间异质性[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(8): 1471-1480.
[7]	周春山, 罗仁泽, 代丹丹. 2000-2010年广州市居住空间结构演变及机制分析[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(6): 1109-1124.
[8]	黄晓燕, 刘夏琼, 曹小曙. 广州市三个圈层社区居民通勤碳排放特征——以都府小区、南雅苑小区和丽江花园为例[J]. 地理研究, 2015, 34(4): 751-761.
[9]	吴箐, 程金屏, 钟式玉, 李宇. 基于不同主体的城镇人居环境要素需求特征——以广州市新塘镇为例[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(2): 307-316.
[10]	刘望保, 闫小培, 谢丽娟. 转型时期广州居民职住流动及其空间结构变化——基于3个年份的调查分析[J]. 地理研究, 2012, 31(9): 1685-1696.
[11]	千庆兰, 陈颖彪, 李雁, 莫星. 广州市物流企业空间布局特征及其影响因素[J]. 地理研究, 2011, 30(7): 1254-1261.
[12]	陈忠暖, 刘燕婷, 王滔滔, 吕逸宏. 广州城市公园绿地投入与环境效益产出的分析——基于数据包络(DEA)方法的评价[J]. 地理研究, 2011, 30(5): 893-901.
[13]	林康, 陆玉麒, 刘俊, 张莉, 王亭娜. 基于可达性角度的公共产品空间公平性的定量评价方法 ——以江苏省仪征市为例[J]. 地理研究, 2009, 28(1): 215-225.
[14]	祁新华, 程煜, 陈烈, 朱宇. 大城市边缘区人居环境系统演变规律——以广州市为例[J]. 地理研究, 2008, 27(2): 421-430.
[15]	周春山, 陈素素, 罗彦. 广州市建成区住房空间结构及其成因[J]. 地理研究, 2005, 24(1): 77-88.