城中村空间形态的演化特征及原因——以深圳特区为例

doi:10.11821/yj2011030005

地理研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 437-446.doi: 10.11821/yj2011030005

城中村空间形态的演化特征及原因——以深圳特区为例

仝德¹, 冯长春², 邓金杰¹

1. 北京大学深圳研究生院,深圳 518055;
2. 北京大学城市与环境学院,北京 100871

收稿日期:2010-07-18 修回日期:2011-01-27 出版日期:2011-03-20 发布日期:2011-03-20
通讯作者: 冯长春(1957-),男,山西省人,教授,博士生导师,北京大学不动产研究鉴定中心主任,研究方向为城市与区域规划。E-mail: fcc@urban.pku.edu.cn
作者简介:仝德(1980-),女,陕西省西安市人,博士后,研究方向为土地经济与住房政策。 E-mail:tongde@szpku.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金(40901080);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(20080440237);深圳市社会科学"十五"规划课题(105C020)

Spatial evolution and cause analysis of urban villages: A case study of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone

TONG De¹, FENG Chang-chun², DENG Jin-jie¹

1. School of Urban Planning and Design, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China;
2. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Received:2010-07-18 Revised:2011-01-27 Online:2011-03-20 Published:2011-03-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以城中村发展最具代表性的深圳为研究对象,分析原特区91个城中村占地规模、建设总量、开发强度的时空演化特征,探讨其空间形态演化模式和形成原因。发现城中村在一定程度上满足城市空间形态演化一般规律,但受历史渊源和体制限制又表现出特殊性:原始规模不具区位差异;发展初期以土地有限蔓延为主,空间形态开始表现区位差异;快速发展期开发强度呈现距离衰减趋势,靠近城市中心的城中村主要通过提高建筑层数扩大建设规模,城市边缘区城中村通过平面和立面共同扩张增加建设规模;发展成熟阶段的城中村启动以降低建筑密度为主的改造从而提升单位面积土地收益。研究成果可对城市空间结构演化模式进行补充,而且可为政府管理城中村制定措施提供建议——不能无视城中村作为一类城市空间形态的发展诉求和演化趋势,应结合城市产业发展和不同层次居民住房需要,引导城中村空间形态理性发展。

关键词: 城中村, 空间形态, 演化特征, 深圳特区

Abstract: Studies on urban villages' renewal and governance have attracted much interest in human geographical research field since the 1990s. However, there is little literature focusing on the developing evolution, pattern and dynamic mechanism of urban villages based on the theoretical system of urban spatial structure, and there are very few scholars doing comparison studies between urban village and general urban spatial form. In this paper, Shenzhen, the most representative city on urban villages' development in China, is taken as a case to explore the characteristics and modes of urban villages' development. With census data of urban villages' construction in 1999 and 2004, spatial and temporal characteristics of 91 original administrative urban villages in Shenzhen Special Economic Zone (Shenzhen SEZ) on land area construction floor area and construction intensity have been analyzed and compared with developing mode of general urban space. It is indicated that urban villages match with general urban developing rules in three aspects. (1) Land sprawl is the most remarkable mode in initial development of urban villages. (2) In urban villages' rapidly developing era thereis, "distance-attenuation" tendency in construction intensity obviously accompanying with some anomalous fluctuation at several urban sections. (3) Renewal and redevelopment methods are carried out gradually since urban villages come in their maturely developing period. However, because of historical and institutional restriction, urban villages perform uniquely in original spatial distribution, spatial expanding mode in developing era, developing rate of spatial form evolution, etc. The results not only contribute to theoretical extension on the mode of general urban spatial structure and further exploring on theoretical values of studies on urban villages, but also imply that governments should establish rational and objective rules to govern urban villages and advance their smart growth according to urban economic development and different housing demands concerning different income levels. Urban villages should be neither redeveloped in full accordance with the ways that general urban spatial form faces, nor ignored with their developing demands and trends as a type of urban spatial form.

Key words: urban village, spatial form, evolution characteristics, Shenzhen Special Economic Zone (Shenzhen SEZ)

仝德, 冯长春, 邓金杰. 城中村空间形态的演化特征及原因——以深圳特区为例[J]. 地理研究, 2011, 30(3): 437-446.

TONG De, FENG Chang-chun, DENG Jin-jie. Spatial evolution and cause analysis of urban villages: A case study of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2011, 30(3): 437-446.

参考文献

[1] 房庆方,马向明,宋劲松. 城中村:从广东看我国城市化进程中遇到的政策问题. 城市规划, 1999, 23(9): 18~20.

[2] 敬东. "城市里的乡村"研究报告——经济发达地区城市中心区农村城市化进程的对策. 城市规划, 1999, 23(9): 8~14.

[3] 魏立华, 闫小培. 中国经济发达地区城市非正式移民聚居区——"城中村"的形成与演进. 管理世界, 2005,(8): 48~57.

[4] Lin G C S. Peri-urbanism in globalizing China: A study of new urbanism in Dongguan. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 2006, 47(1): 28~53.

[5] Wang Y P, Wang Y l, Wu J S. Urbanization and informal development in China: Urban villages in Shenzhen. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2009, 33(4): 957~973.

[6] Chan R C K, Yao Y M, Zhao X B. Self-help housing strategy for temporary population in Guangzhou, China. Habitat International, 2003, (27): 19~35.

[7] Leaf M. A tale of two villages: Globalization and peri-urban change in China and Vietnam. Cities, 2002, 19(1): 23~31.

[8] Leaf M. Chengzhongcun: China's urbanizing villages from multiple perspectives.In: Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Urban Development and Land Policy in China. 2006. 145~159.

[9] Liu X L, Liang W. Zhejiangcun: social and spatial implications of informal urbanization on the periphery of Beijing. Cities, 1997, 14(2): 95~108.

[10] Zhu J M. Urban development under ambiguous property rights: A case of China's transition economy. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2002, 26(1): 41~57.

[11] Zhang L, Zhao S X B, Tian J P. Self-help in housing and Chengzhongcun in China's urbanization. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2003, 27(4): 912~937.

[12] 顾朝林, 熊江波. 简论城市边缘区研究. 地理研究, 1989, 8(9): 95~99.

[13] 许学强, 胡华颖, 叶嘉安. 广州市社会空间结构的因子生态分析. 地理学报, 1989, 44(4): 385~396.

[14] 张建明, 许学强. 城乡边缘带研究的回顾与展望. 人文地理, 1997, 12(3): 5~8.

[15] 李培林. 巨变:村落的终结——都市里的村庄研究. 社会学月刊, 2002, (4): 168~179.

[16] 薛德升, 黄耿志. 管制之外的"管制":城中村非正规部门的空间集聚与生存状态——以广州市下渡村为例. 地理研究, 2008, 27(6): 1390~1399.

[17] 尹晓颖, 薛德升, 闫小培. "城中村"非正规部门形成发展机制——以深圳市蔡屋围为例. 经济地理, 2006, 26(6): 969~973.

[18] 黄怡. 城市社会分层与居住隔离. 上海: 同济大学出版社, 2006. 172~193.

[19] 吴明伟,吴晓. 我国城市化背景下的流动人口聚居形态研究——以江苏省为例. 南京: 东南大学出版社, 2005. 79~118.

[20] 张京祥, 赵伟. 二元规制环境中城中村发展及其意义的分析. 城市规划, 2007, 31(1): 63~67.

[21] 朱荣远,张立民,郭旭东. 表情复杂的中国城市化附生物——城中村:有关深圳市城中村调查研究的启示. 城市规划, 2006, 30(9): 84~88.

[22] 谢志岿. 村落向城市社区的转型——制度、政策与中国城市化进程中城中村问题研究. 北京: 中国社会科学出版社, 2005.

[23] 丁成日,宋彦,Gerrit Knaap,等. 城市规划与空间结构——城市可持续发展战略. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2005. 178.

[24] Brueckner J. A dynamic model of resource allocation in a metropolitan area. American Economic Review, 1981, (10): 1~14.

城中村空间形态的演化特征及原因——以深圳特区为例

Spatial evolution and cause analysis of urban villages: A case study of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 14

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	李留通, 张森森, 赵新正, 权东计, 罗伊. 文化产业成长对城市空间形态演变的影响——以西安市核心区为例[J]. 地理研究, 2021, 40(2): 431-445.
[2]	麻学锋,杨雪,李志龙. 张家界旅游企业空间成长对城镇空间形态的影响[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(8): 1965-1978.
[3]	朱晓青, 邬轶群, 翁建涛, 王竹, 高伟俊. 混合功能驱动下的海岛聚落范式与空间形态解析——浙江舟山地区的产住共同体实证[J]. 地理研究, 2017, 36(8): 1543-1556.
[4]	陶海燕, 周淑丽, 卓莉. 城中村有序改造的群决策——以广州市城中村改造为例[J]. 地理研究, 2014, 33(7): 1207-1216.
[5]	丁娟,焦华富,李俊峰. 产业演进对旅游城市空间形态演变的作用机理——以黄山市为例[J]. 地理研究, 2014, 33(10): 1966-1976.
[6]	吕斌, 孙婷. 低碳视角下城市空间形态紧凑度研究[J]. 地理研究, 2013, 32(6): 1057-1067.
[7]	夏丽丽, 赵耀龙, 欧阳军, 刘望保. 城中村制造业空间集聚研究——以广州康乐村服装生产企业为例[J]. 地理研究, 2012, 31(7): 1294-1304.
[8]	陈志钢, 保继刚. 典型旅游城市游憩商业区空间形态演变及影响机制——以广西阳朔县为例[J]. 地理研究, 2012, 31(7): 1339-1351.
[9]	何深静, 钱俊希, 吴敏华. "学生化"的城中村社区——基于广州下渡村的实证分析[J]. 地理研究, 2011, 30(8): 1508-1519.
[10]	刘冉, 黄大志, 刘盛和. 城市化视角下北京农村居住用地非正规市场的形成机理[J]. 地理研究, 2010, 29(8): 1355-1368.
[11]	兰宗敏,冯健. 城中村流动人口的时间利用以及生活活动时空间结构——对北京5个城中村的调查[J]. 地理研究, 2010, 29(6): 1092-1104.
[12]	薛德升, 蔡静珊, 李志刚. 广州市城中村农民工医疗行为及其空间特征——以新凤凰村为例[J]. 地理研究, 2009, 28(5): 1341-1351.
[13]	薛德升, 黄耿志. 管制之外的"管制":城中村非正规部门的空间集聚与生存状态——以广州市下渡村为例[J]. 地理研究, 2008, 27(6): 1390-1399.
[14]	陈彦光, 刘继生. 城市土地利用结构和形态的定量描述:从信息熵到分数维[J]. 地理研究, 2001, 20(2): 146-152.