地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 622-634.doi: 10.11821/yj2011040005

• 水文与水资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于Hydrus-1d模型的农田SPAC系统水分通量估算--以山西省运城市董村农场为例

王鹏1,2, 宋献方2, 袁瑞强2, 韩冬梅2, 张应华2, 张兵2, 李保国3   

  1. 1. 江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,南昌 330022;
    2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101;
    3. 中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2010-06-05 修回日期:2010-09-06 出版日期:2011-04-20 发布日期:2011-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 宋献方,(1965-),男,研究员,博士生导师,主要研究方向为流域水循环与水环境,环境同位素水文学。E-mail: songxf@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:王鹏(1982- ),男,山东济宁人,博士,讲师,主要从事水文学研究。E-mail:wangpengjlu@gmail.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830636);国家"973"课题(2010CB428805)

Water flux estimation in SPAC system of farmland using Hydrus-1d model: A case of Dongcun Farm in Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province

WANG Peng1,2, SONG Xian-fang2, YUAN Rui-qiang2, HAN Dong-mei2, ZHANG Yin-hua2, ZHANG Bing2, LI Bao-guo3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China;
    2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China;
    3. College of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2010-06-05 Revised:2010-09-06 Online:2011-04-20 Published:2011-04-20

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14

摘要： 农田SPAC系统水分通量的研究对提高农业用水效率,缓解我国的水资源短缺现状具有重要作用。本文利用Hydrus-1d模型,以山西省运城市董村农场为例,估算了研究区三种主要农作物(夏玉米、棉花和冬小麦)的农田水分通量。结果表明,在模拟期内,夏玉米、棉花和冬小麦的作物蒸腾占蒸散发(T/ET)的比值分别为84.7%、71.6%和79.1%,T/ET比值的变化与作物叶面指数的变化具有较好的一致性,同时也受表层土壤水含量的影响;夏玉米、棉花和冬小麦在灌溉后的深层入渗量分别达到了74.2mm、70.8mm和90.0mm,大量的深层入渗降低了灌溉水的利用效率,应采取相应措施减小灌溉后的深层入渗量。地下水通过毛细上升进入土壤水既要受到地下水水位埋深的影响,也受土壤含水量的影响,在模拟期内,夏玉米、棉花和冬小麦的地下水毛细上升量分别为149mm、128mm和65mm。

关键词: Hydrus-1d, 农田SPAC系统, 蒸散发分割, 深层入渗

Abstract: Studies on the water flux in SPAC system of farmland are vital to improve the utilization efficiency of agricultural water, and alleviate water shortage in China. In this paper, the Dongcun Farm in Yuncheng, Shanxi Province is taken as an example to estimate the water flux for three main crops (summer corn, cotton and winter wheat) using Hydrus-1d model. For the growing season of summer corn, cotton and winter wheat, the model is built based on soil water movement, root water uptake model and evapotranspiration model, in combination of the initial and boundary conditions. The estimation results for water flux are listed as follows. The transpiration of summer corn accounts for 84.7% of the total evapotranspiration in the whole growing season, and 9.5%, 75.6%, 92.6%, 96.7% and 75.1% in June, July, August, September and October (1st-7th), respectively; transpiration of cotton accounts for 71.6% of the total evapotranspiration in the whole growing season, and 13.1%, 49.7%, 79.7%, 84.6%, 87.4% and 21.5% in May, June, July, August, September and October (1st-24th), respectively; and transpiration of winter wheat accounts for 79.1% of the total evapotranspiration in the whole studying season, and 53.0%, 89.2% and 79.7% in March (10th-31st), April and May, respectively. The deep percolation takes up a great part of water consumption, which is 112 mm, 148 mm and 136 mm for summer corn, cotton and winter wheat, respectively. The deep percolation mainly occurs after irrigation or storm, and after irrigation is up to 74.2 mm, 70.8 mm and 90.0 mm in simulation period, respectively, which undermines the efficiency of irrigation water and need to be reduced by measures. The recharge from groundwater by capillary for soil water is influenced by the depth to water table and the soil water content, and the water amount is 149 mm, 128 mm and 65 mm for summer corn, cotton and winter wheat in simulation period.

Key words: Hydrus-1d, SPAC system of farmland, evapotranspiration partition, deep percolation