地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 1370-1379.doi: 10.11821/yj2011080003

• 土地资源与利用 • 上一篇    下一篇

21世纪初中国海岸带土地利用空间格局特征

侯西勇1, 徐新良2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,烟台 264003;
    2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
  • 收稿日期:2010-10-06 修回日期:2011-02-25 出版日期:2011-08-20 发布日期:2011-08-20
  • 通讯作者: 徐新良(1972-),男,山东青岛人,博士,主要从事土地利用变化研究。E-mail: xuxl@lreis.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:侯西勇(1975-),男,山东泰安人,博士,研究员,从事LUCC、海岸带信息集成、海岸带综合管理研究。E-mail: xyhou@yic.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家973计划(2010CB950901);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(kzcx2-yw-224);国家自然科学基金项目(40921140410、40801016);中国科学院资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室开放研究基金资助项目(A0713)。

Spatial patterns of land use in coastal zones of China in the early 21st century

HOU Xi-yong1, XU Xin-liang2   

  1. 1. Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, CAS, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China;
    2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2010-10-06 Revised:2011-02-25 Online:2011-08-20 Published:2011-08-20

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110 | 28

摘要： 基于GIS空间分析技术、条带分割法以及优势度和土地利用程度综合指数,分析了21世纪我国海岸带区域(海岸线向陆30km范围)土地利用的数量、结构、空间格局和集约化特征。研究表明:21世纪我国海岸带土地利用以耕地、林地和建设用地为主。距海远近不同,土地利用的结构特征和空间格局差异显著,水域和建设用地的向海特征最为显著,其次是耕地。海岸带土地利用的集约化程度远高于全国平均水平,距离岸线10km左右是土地利用程度综合指数的峰值。海岸带土地利用还存在显著的省际差异,不同省区土地利用类型的优势组合差异显著;海岸带土地利用类型的高程分异亦非常显著,耕地、水体、建设用地和未利用土地集中分布在50m以下的低海拔区,林地主要分布于中高海拔区,而草地则在低海拔和高海拔区域都有分布。

关键词: 土地利用, 空间格局, GIS, 中国海岸带

Abstract: In this paper, we took the terrestrial part of a 30-km buffer zone of coastline as the study area. Land use data in 2005 obtained based on Landsat images were available, and based on the spatial analyst techniques in GIS and Zonal Statistics Method, the Dominance Degree and Land Use Degree Index were calculated for the study area and its 15 sub-zones. Then, the structures and spatial patterns of land use in coastal zones were analyzed. The result shows that, farmland, forest, built-up and residential areas are dominant land use types in Chinese coastal zones; and remarkable sea-land gradient characteristics of land use can be found because following the changes of distance to coastline, the quantity structure and spatial patterns of land use change correspondingly. Water body, built-up and residential areas show the most notable seaward characters. There is much higher intensity of land use in coastal zones than that in the whole country and coastal provinces, and the zone of 2-6 kilometers away from the coastline has the most prominent land use intensity. Furthermore, there are remarkable administrative differences and altitudinal differences of land use in Chinese coastal zones.

Key words: land use, spatial patterns, GIS, Chinese coastal zones