半干旱黄土丘陵区人工植被深层土壤干化效应

doi:10.11821/yj2012010008

地理研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 71-81.doi: 10.11821/yj2012010008

半干旱黄土丘陵区人工植被深层土壤干化效应

杨磊^1,2, 卫伟¹, 陈利顶¹, 蔡国军³, 贾福岩^1,2

1. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085;
2. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049;
3. 甘肃省林业科学研究院, 兰州 730020

收稿日期:2011-03-24 修回日期:2011-07-13 出版日期:2012-01-20 发布日期:2012-01-20
通讯作者: 卫伟(1978-),男,河南封丘人,副研究员,主要从事半干旱脆弱生态区景观格局演变与生态水文过程互动机制研究。E-mail:weiwei@rcees.ac.cn
作者简介:杨磊(1982-),男,河南信阳人,博士生,研究方向为景观格局与生态过程。E-mail:yangzjsky@ gmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(40925003、41071122、40801041)

Soil desiccation in deep soil layers under different vegetation types in the semi-arid loess hilly region

YANG Lei^1,2, WEI Wei¹, CHEN Li-ding¹, CAI Guo-jun³, JIA Fu-yan^1,2

1. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, CAS, Beijing 100085, China;
2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Institute of Forestry Sciences of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730020, China

Received:2011-03-24 Revised:2011-07-13 Online:2012-01-20 Published:2012-01-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 科学评估不同植被恢复模式的土壤干化效应是目前黄土高原生态恢复一个亟需解决的关键问题。本文以半干旱黄土丘陵区14种典型人工植被为例,通过构建土壤水分相对亏缺指数CSWDI和样地土壤水分相对亏缺指数PCSWDI,定量评估了不同植被深层土壤干化效应。研究发现:除农地和撂荒草地外,各植被深层土壤水分均随土层深度的增加而升高,深层土壤水分含量同土层深度之间呈一元线性关系。不同人工植被深层土壤相对干化程度存在差异,以油松林地最高,杨树侧柏混交林地最低。不同植被类型受其自身蒸腾耗水、根系特征和耕作等影响,土壤干化的程度在剖面上存在差异,但总体趋势为随深度增加而降低。针阔叶植被配置模式土壤水分状况要稍好于阔叶纯林的配置模式。

关键词: 黄土高原, 人工植被, 植被恢复, 土壤干化

Abstract: Artificial vegetation restoration as an effective way to control serious soil erosion and improve environment conditions has taken several positive environmental effects.However,serious soil desiccation as one of negative effects also appears associated with artificial vegetation restoration lack of scientific guidance,especially in deep soil layers.To recover the fragile ecosystem of the Loess Plateau and maintain sustainable development of this region,proper artificial vegetation types should be selected based on local soil water conditions.However,methods to quantitatively evaluate soil water effect based on local rainfall and soil water conditions is urgently needed to improve,which is one of the top priorities in current research.To quantitatively evaluate the soil desiccation degree in vegetation types,14 vegetation types were selected to analyze the eco-hydrological effect in deep soil layers in the typical semi-arid loess hilly region.Compared Soil Water Deficit Index(CSWDI) and Plot Compared Soil Water Deficit Index(PCSWDI) were induced to quantitatively analyze the soil water deficit in different vegetation types.The research showed that high-density artificial vegetation was the main reason of deep soil desiccation.Soil water contents in all vegetation types increased with soil depth except abandoned land and farmland,and had a significant linear relationship with soil depth.The degree of soil water deficit of different vegetation types was Pinus tabulaeformis forestland>Pinus tabulaeformis and Platycladus orientalis mixed forestland>Armeniaca sibirica forestland>Caragana korshinskii shrubland>Medicago sativa grassland>Platycladus orientalis forestland>Amygdalus davidiana shurbland>Armeniaca sibirica and Platycladus orientalis mixed forestland>Populus simonii forestland>Populus simonii and Platycladus orientalis mixed forestland.Soil desiccation various in soil profile cause for transpiration,root system characteristics and tillage management between different vegetation types.Solanum Tuberosum farmland,Zea mays farmland and abandoned land had no soil water deification compared with natural grassland.Comparisons of soil water contents in mixed forestland and pure broadleaved forestland showed that soil water condition in mixed forestland was better than that in pure broadleaved forestland.Results of this study also indicated that the CSWDI and PCSWDI were capable of reflecting conditions of soil water deficit in different soil layers and plots.They could be used as quantitative indices for soil water deficit analysis under different vegetation covers.

Key words: Loess Plateau, artificial vegetation, vegetation restoration, soil desiccation

杨磊, 卫伟, 陈利顶, 蔡国军, 贾福岩. 半干旱黄土丘陵区人工植被深层土壤干化效应[J]. 地理研究, 2012, 31(1): 71-81.

YANG Lei, WEI Wei, CHEN Li-ding, CAI Guo-jun, JIA Fu-yan. Soil desiccation in deep soil layers under different vegetation types in the semi-arid loess hilly region[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2012, 31(1): 71-81.

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半干旱黄土丘陵区人工植被深层土壤干化效应

Soil desiccation in deep soil layers under different vegetation types in the semi-arid loess hilly region

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