地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 2270-2282.doi: 10.11821/yj2012120014

• 环境与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

小尺度环境地形相对高度认知及影响因素——以南京大学浦口校区为例

蒋志杰1,2, 张捷2, 王慧麟2, 邹伟2   

  1. 1. 南京师范大学心理学院, 南京210097;
    2. 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 南京210093
  • 收稿日期:2012-02-12 修回日期:2012-05-12 出版日期:2012-12-10 发布日期:2012-12-10
  • 通讯作者: 张捷(1960-),男,江苏无锡人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事旅游地理和文化地理研究。E-mail:jiezhang@nju.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:蒋志杰(1974-),男,博士,主要研究领域为行为地理学。E-mail:jiangzhijie740219@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(40871072)

The elevation cognition of terrain and its influencing factors in a small-scale environment: A case study of Pukou Campus,Nanjing University

JIANG Zhi-jie1,2, ZHANG Jie2, WANG Hui-lin2, ZHOU Wei2   

  1. 1. School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097;
    2. School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
  • Received:2012-02-12 Revised:2012-05-12 Online:2012-12-10 Published:2012-12-10

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摘要： 地形认知虽然是探讨人地互动的重要命题, 但目前研究甚少。本文选取南大浦口校园 为案例地, 在实验设计基础上, 采用非概率和分层比例抽样, 使用问卷调查和深度访谈的数 据收集方法, 历时两年, 共访谈调查了644名被试, 并运用定性与定量数据分析方法, 得出 小尺度环境地形认知一致性、参照体系特征、个体日常环境对认知的影响性等特点, 具体结 论如下:(1)认知一致性:被试在地形相对高度的认知方式与状况、地形特征点的辨识方面 具有较高一致性;且认知偏误率在空间上呈现一定的分布规律。(2)参照体系特征:被试使 用的环境参照物附近的地形多呈凹陷状且地势较低、空间临近特征显着, 并且它们多是被试 熟悉, 视觉通达性较好, 到访率较高的场所。(3)个体日常环境对认知的影响性:地形特征 的辨识及其相对高度认知受地理环境、认知、行为、情绪和态度等多方面因素影响, 其中决 定性因素是个体的日常生活环境。

关键词: 小尺度环境, 地理空间认知, 认知地图, 地形, 相对高度, 参照系

Abstract: Although the terrain cognition plays an important role in the research of interactive relationship between human and environment,few studies have explored the issue. This study chose the Pukou Campus,Nanjing University as a study area and interviewed 644freshmen by employing non-possibility sampling and stratified proportional sampling and implementing survey and in-depth interview methods based on the experimental design.Then the data were analyzed by using qualitative and quantitative data processing methods.Finally,some conclusions can be drawn as follows.1)There are relatively high agreements among subjects'relative elevation cognition of the terrain and recognition of the terrain feature points;while there are some trends among the spatial distribution of the rate of cognitive bias of relative elevation.2)There are topologic,spatial,cognitive and behavioral characteristics of objects of allocentric reference selected by the subjects.3) The relative elevation cognition of terrain and recognition of terrain feature points in a small environment are influenced by geographical environmental,cognitive,behavioral, and emotional factors,of which individual daily geographical environment is dominant.