地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 360-368.doi: 10.11821/yj2013020016

• 旅游与社会文化地理 • 上一篇    下一篇

景区内旅游小企业发展的驱动机制——西递村案例研究

尹寿兵1,2, 刘云霞2, 赵鹏2   

  1. 1. 中山大学地理科学与规划学院旅游发展与规划研究中心, 广州 510275;
    2. 安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院旅游发展与规划研究中心, 芜湖 241002
  • 收稿日期:2012-05-12 修回日期:2012-09-15 出版日期:2013-02-10 发布日期:2013-02-10
  • 作者简介:尹寿兵(1978- ),男,安徽和县人,讲师,博士研究生,主要研究方向为区域发展与旅游规划。E-mail;ysblyx@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    安徽省教育厅人文社科重点研究基地一般项目(SK2012B561);安徽省高校省级人文社会科学研究一般项目(SK2012B208)

Driving mechanism of the small tourism firms development in scenic areas:A case study of Xidi Village

YIN Shoubing1,2, LIU Yunxia2, ZHAO Peng2   

  1. 1. Geography and Planning School, Center for Tourism Planning and Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
    2. College of Territorial Resources and Tourism, Center for Tourism Planning and Research, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
  • Received:2012-05-12 Revised:2012-09-15 Online:2013-02-10 Published:2013-02-10

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摘要： 采用参与观察、深度访谈等定性研究方法,通过追溯西递村旅游发展历程发现,企业家精神、市场需求是旅游小企业产生的内外因素,旅游治理模式的变迁对内外因素均产生了重要影响。根据政府、社区和第三部门(遗产保护组织)的介入程度,将西递旅游治理划分为三个阶段,即村民自发参与的社区模式,政府、社区和第三部门共同参与的网络模式,以及政府指挥和控制能力强化的层级模式。在治理模式变迁过程中,政府的指挥和控制能力不断强化,政府的利益诉求引发了旅游市场的结构性变化,导致旅游小企业经营特征和空间结构的演化;同时,社区居民的企业家精神和模仿创新能力受到影响,旅游小企业的发展速度和规模呈现不同的阶段特征。研究显示,治理模式的优化是实现景区内旅游小企业可持续发展的关键所在。

关键词: 旅游小企业, 旅游治理, 驱动机制, 西递

Abstract: Qualitative research methodology is used in this study, such as participant observation and in-depth interview. Based on reviewing the progress of tourism development in Xidi village, it has been found that entrepreneurship and tourism demands are the critical internal and external factors in the development of the small tourism firms (STFs), and both factors have exerted great influence on the governance model. Three stages of governance model have been identified by the intervention degree of government, community and the third sector (e.g., Heritage Protection Organizations). The three stages are the community governance model with spontaneous community participation, the network governance model featuring the joint controls by government, community and the third sector, and the hierarchy governance model with government's constantly strengthening commands and controls. Along with the changes in governance model, government's commands and controls have been strengthened continuously, while government's interest demands led to structural changes in the tourism markets, which caused the changes in the operating characteristics and spatial structure of the STFs. Meanwhile, the entrepreneurship and imitative innovation capacity of the residents have been influenced, hence the development pace and scale of the STFs presented different features in different stages. As indicated by the research findings, the optimization of governance model is the key point to the sustainable development of the STFs.

Key words: small tourism firm, tourism governance, driving mechanism, Xidi village