地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 701-710.doi: 10.11821/yj2013040013

• 城市与社区研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京郊区居民一周时空间行为的日间差异

申悦, 柴彦威, 郭文伯   

  1. 北京大学城市与环境学院, 北京100871
  • 收稿日期:2012-06-15 修回日期:2012-12-22 出版日期:2013-04-10 发布日期:2013-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 柴彦威(1964- ),男,甘肃会宁人,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为时间地理学、社会地理学、城市与区域规划。E-mail:chyw@pku.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:申悦(1987- ),女,辽宁沈阳人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为城市社会地理学与行为地理学。E-mail:shenyue0519@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    2009年IBM共享大学研究项目;“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAJ05B00)课题(2012BAJ05B04);国家自然科学基金项目(40801046);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20090001110054)

Day-to-day variability in activity-travel behavior based on GPS data：A case study in suburbs of Beijing

SHEN Yue, CHAI Yanwei, GUO Wenbo   

  1. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Received:2012-06-15 Revised:2012-12-22 Online:2013-04-10 Published:2013-04-10

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摘要： 时空间行为是解读城市空间结构的重要视角。转型期中国城市居民的时空间行为呈现出复杂化、弹性化与个性化等趋势,短期行为与长期行为的关系与作用机理亦成为关键研究问题。本研究基于北京市GPS调查获取的100位郊区居民的一周时空间行为数据,采用三维可视化、描述性统计与方差分析的方法,研究居民一周的时空路径和时间分配的日间差异。结果表明:一周之内居民时空间行为在工作日与休息日之间的差异显著。工作日中,周一的工作时间最长,家外非工作活动的发生率及发生时间均较低;周二至周四居民行为的差异性相对较小;周五是工作日向休息日的过度时期,居民具有较高的时间分配自由度。休息日之间居民的时间分配差异不显著。

关键词: GPS数据, 时空间行为, 日间差异, 时空路径, 周变化, 北京市

Abstract: Research on human activity-travel behavior is offering an important approach to the study of urban structure.There have been lots of domestic empirical studies on space-time patterns and the related decisions process based on cross-sectional data or activity diary of one or two days.But less time has been spent on space-time behavior and the variations during a period more than two days,because long-term disaggregated space-time data of individual's behavior is hard to achieve,and on the other hand,individuals are generally assumed to establish stable,highly routinized patterns.As long-term activity-travel dairy surveys are achieved in increasing countries,how an individual's behavior varies from day to day,week to week,or season to season,has been discussed intensively by researchers to gain a better understanding of activity-travel behavior and to acquire knowledge for better planning and policy development.In transitional China,space-time behavior of residents is more and more complicated,flexible and individualized,day-to-day variability in activity-travel behavior has become an important theme. Data for this study are drawn from a 2010 Beijing one-week activity-travel survey based on GPS,including 100 residents in two typical suburban communities.We use a time geographical framework to represent the activity-travel trajectories in 3-D GIS environment, and also descriptive analysis and analysis of variance to study day-to-day variability in activity-travel behavior during one week from perspectives of space-time path and time allocation.The results indicate that,firstly,differences of residents'space-time behavior between weekdays and weekends are significant.Second,during the weekdays,Monday has the longest work time and lower incidence of non-work activities;variations on Tuesday to Thursday are comparatively insignificant;Sunday is a transition from weekdays to weekends and residents are freer to decide the time allocation.Third,during the weekends,Saturday has higher incidence of working,longer time at home and less non-work travel;on Sunday, incidence of non-work activities increases significantly.The study fills in the gap of weekly space-time pattern in China,and provides a Chinese case for weekly activity-travel behavior studies.

Key words: GPS data, space-time behavior, day-to-day variability, space-time path, weekly, Beijing