地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 1103-1112.doi: 10.11821/yj2013060014

• 交通与区域经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

农业市场化对农户种植效益的影响——基于沪苏皖农户调查的实证研究

高珊1,2, 黄贤金1, 钟太洋1, 陈志刚1   

  1. 1. 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 南京210093;
    2. 江苏省社会科学院农村发展研究所, 南京210013
  • 收稿日期:2012-09-15 修回日期:2013-02-25 出版日期:2013-06-10 发布日期:2013-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 黄贤金(1968- ),男,教授,博导,主要从事资源经济学研究。E-mail:hxj369@nju.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:高珊(1978- ),女,河南新乡人,博士生,主要从事土地利用与规划研究。E-mail:shgao724@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(40971104,40801063)

Influence of agricultural marketization on farmers’planting benefit：An empirical study of Shanghai, Jiangsu and Anhui

GAO Shan1,2, HUANG Xianjin1, ZHONG Taiyang1, CHEN Zhigang1   

  1. 1. School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China;
    2. Rural Development Institute, Jiangsu Academy of Social Sciences, Nanjing 210013, China
  • Received:2012-09-15 Revised:2013-02-25 Online:2013-06-10 Published:2013-06-10

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摘要： 通过沪苏皖3省16个村的分层抽样农户调查发现,农业市场化的发育程度决定着农户种植经济收益的高低,不同农产品基本遵循高投入、高产出的规律,地区差异明显。根据定量分析和CD扩展模型检验表明,生产要素市场和农产品市场共同影响农户土地种植效益。为提高土地产出,农户更重视种子、化肥、农药等农资的增产性投入,劳工和机械投入随家庭非农活动情况而变化。农产品市场销售行为对农户种植效益的提高呈较明显的正向刺激作用,市场价格是关键要素,销售率和销售成本对商品型农产品影响更显著。另外农户素质及收入结构对种植效益也产生显著影响,人力资本水平与种植效益成正相关关系。

关键词: 农业市场化, 生产要素, 农产品销售, 种植效益, CD扩展模型

Abstract: With the progressive development of market economy,agricultural marketization enters into a new stage in China,and its relation to the rural land use change becomes closer and closer.In order to analyze the relationship between agricultural marketization and farmers'planting benefit,this paper used Shanghai Municipality,Jiangsu and Anhui provinces as research cases.Anhui was the representative of a traditional rural region,while Shanghai and Jiangsu were representatives of the developed regions in the Yangtze River Delta.A total of 1058 valid questionnaires in 16 villages of five counties were carried out during July-April 2010.The results showed that more sufficient market competition was beneficial to maximization of productive profits of farmers.The profit rate of cash crops was higher than that of food crops.There were obvious regional differences in investigated areas.According to quantitative analysis and expanded CD model test,the rural households'planting benefit was remarkable due to the affects of the markets of production factors and agricultural products.Firstly,for the purpose of obtaining the higher output,the rural households preferred to increase the input of material goods that were mainly composed of seed, pesticide and fertilizer.The inputs of labor force and agricultural machine were changed with rural households'non-agricultural behaviors.In detail,agricultural production had to follow respective productive characteristics.The rural households,whose income was chiefly depended on agricultural activity,tended to increase yield-increasing capital input and manpower input.The rural households,whose income was chiefly depended on non-agricultural activity,tended to increase labor-saving capital input and reduce manpower input.Secondly,the sale behaviors of agricultural products had positive stimulation to enlarge the planting benefit.The price of agricultural products is one of the key factors that affected farmland profits.The price of agricultural means would be fluctuated by the change of price of agricultural products.The sales rate and the selling costs of agricultural products had stronger impact on the benefit of market-oriented agriculture products than that of self-supporting ones.The rise of sales rate and selling costs played an active role in the increase of output value of agricultural products.Thirdly,rural households'education and income structure had significant effects on the planting benefit.There was a positive correlation between farmers'planting benefit and the human capital.

Key words: agricultural marketization, production factors, sale of agricultural product, planting benefit, expanded CD model