Abstract: Energy resources are the important material basis to realize the socialist four modernizations and to raise the living standards of the people.Studying the problems of the energy resources has been one of the three strategical measures to quadruplicate the annual gross industrial and agricultural output by the year 2000. It is very important to make a study of the current situations and rational utilization of energy resources in China.The article begins with a discussion of the concepts and types of energy resources, then emphasizes the reserves, the distributions, the characteristics and the problems of development, and closes with the prospect of the energy resources in China.The total reserves of the energy resources are large, yet their per capita average value is lower in China. Moreover, as the energy resources are not proportionately distributed, remote transport is very expensive and raises the cost.The article analyses the characteristics and problems, (a) the energy industry develops rapidly, (b) the coal is the chief item in the energy resources, (c) energy resources are in great proportion spent in industry, (d) the rural districts mainly spend biological energy resources, thus destroying agricultural ecology, and (e) low utilization and high waste of the energy.The article puts forward some suggestions. (a)to make technological transformations and economize on energy resources, (b) to establish a comprehensive energy system and use all energy resources and export second energy, (d)to develop both water and fire electricity,especially water electricity,and(e) to accelerate the developing of new energy resources.At last,the article points out that China has large energy resources,a fairly developed industry and technology. The urgent matter for today is to design a plan of energy resources development with a foresight and sagacity.