地理研究

地理研究 ›› 1997, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (3): 47-54.doi: 10.11821/yj1997030006

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洪泛平原农村居民地空间分布特征定量研究及应用探讨

徐雪仁1, 万庆2   

  1. 1. 北京市遥感信息研究所 北京 100011;
    2. 中国科学院国家计划委员会地理研究所 北京 100011
  • 收稿日期:1996-08-19 修回日期:1997-06-11 出版日期:1997-09-15 发布日期:1997-09-15
  • 作者简介:徐雪仁,男,1965年10月生,1987年7月毕业于南京大学地图学专业,1995年6月获硕士学位.发表“地图应用系统研究”、《应用地图学纲要》等论著.

A QUANTITATIVE STUDY ON SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF RURAL SETTLEMENT IN FLOODPLAINS AND DISCUSSION OF ITS APPLICATION

Xu Xueren1, Wan Qing2   

  1. 1. Beijing Institute of Remote Sensing Information;
    2. Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
  • Received:1996-08-19 Revised:1997-06-11 Online:1997-09-15 Published:1997-09-15

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97 | 23

摘要： 通过对影响居民地空间分布因素的分析,探讨了洪泛平原农村居民地空间分布特征;利用地理信息系统技术对不同高程带内居民地分布规模、等级和空间分布密度作了定量研究,得到了居民地空间分布密度和人口空间分布密度参数;并结合洪灾淹没区居民地损失的估算,对研究结果的应用作了探讨。

关键词: 农村居民地, 空间分布密度, 地理信息系统, 损失估算

Abstract: Estimation of settlement loss is an important part of flood loss estimation, but it is hard to promptly estimate the loss of settlements caused by flood loss.ln this paper, the factors which influence spatial distribution of settlement are discussed firstly.The main factors influencing the distribution of settlements are natural environment, production environment and social and cultural environment.ln floodplains, the factors affecting distribution are topography and farming and transportation conditions.Then spatial distribution of rural settlement in floodplains are analyzed and studied.Using geographic information system (GIS), the author made a quantitative study on the spatial distribution of settlement in different elevation zone.The data about the location and area of any settlement were collected from the 1:10 000 topographic map, which could be statistically analyzed.At first, based on the linear relationship between population and settlement area, the population of villages could be estimated based on its area.Secondly, the grade of the village was determined by the population size.At last, using regional DEM, elevation zones, and settlement grades, the number of settlement in different grades in each elevation zone could be obtained from an overlay operation in GIS, and two indices could be obtainted, which are spatial distribution density of rural settlement and spatial distribution density of population, to describe the relationship between rural settlement distribution and elevation zone.Finally the application of the study to flood damage assessment was discussed.lt was tested in Funan county and Yinshang county in the middle Huaihe valley, and we can draw a conclusion that the spatial distribution density of settlement and that of population can describe the features of settlement distribution and can be used to estimate population distribution in a region.It can satisfy th needs of a prompt Flood Loss Estimation.

Key words: rural settlement, spatial distribution density, geographic information system, flood loss estimation

PACS: 

  • TP79