地理研究

地理研究 ›› 2009, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 284-292.doi: 10.11821/yj2009020002

• 环境与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市城市景观生态网络连接度评价

王云才   

  1. 同济大学建筑与城市规划学院景观学系,上海 200092
  • 收稿日期:2008-09-16 修回日期:2008-12-25 出版日期:2009-03-25 发布日期:2009-03-25
  • 作者简介:王云才(1967-),男,陕西勉县人,教授,博士生导师,博士。主要从事景观生态规划设计和旅游规划设计研究。E-mail:wyc1967@tongji.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(50878162);国家科技支撑计划(2008BAJ10B02)

The connectivity evaluation of Shanghai urban landscape eco-network

WANG Yun-cai   

  1. Department of Landscape Studies, College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Received:2008-09-16 Revised:2008-12-25 Online:2009-03-25 Published:2009-03-25
  • Supported by:

    国家自然科学基金资助项目(50878162);国家科技支撑计划(2008BAJ10B02)

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摘要：

城市是典型的人工景观系统,具有景观破碎化现象严重、高连通性低连接度等特征。本文运用景观生态网络连接度理论,探讨我国生态城市建设中景观生态连通性和连接度的内涵和特征,在城市景观生态网络构成分析的基础上,采用连接度指数、廊道密度和引入交通网络指数等建立起景观生态连接度评价方法和体系,对上海市城市景观生态网络中道路网络、绿地网络、水系网络及其形成的"三网合一"的复合网络连接度进行评价。目的在于为我国生态城市发展建设和城市景观生态网络规划提供理论基础。从评价结果来看,单个网络的连接度较高但特征各不相同。将水系网络、路网和绿地网络进行复合的一体化网络的连接度却急剧下降,揭示出上海城市景观生态网络存在分割多、连接少的网络平面化特征。

关键词: 城市景观生态网络, 景观连接度, 指数体系, 生态评价, 上海市

Abstract:

The city is the typical artificial landscape system with the characteristics of high fragmentation and low connectivity. Based on the connectivity theory of landscape ecological network, this article discusses the influence, connotation and the characteristics of landscape ecological connectivity and the connection to eco-city construction of China, analyses the typical graphical model of urban landscape ecological network, choosing γ=L/3(V-2),α=L-V+1/2V-5,β=2L/V (in the formula of γ, α and β, L is the number of factual line between knots, V is the number of knots), density of corridor d=L/A and indicator C= L/ξ nA (in formula of indicator d and C, L is the total length of corridor (km), A is area (km2), n is the number of knots, ξ is coefficient) as evaluation indicators and system and tries to evaluate the connectivity of Shanghai urban landscape ecological network in the road network, the green space network, the river system network and the road-river-green space compound network. The characteristics of river network are γ=0.65, α=0.45, β=3.85 and C =1.93. The characteristics of road network are γ=0.7,α=0.54,β=4.16 and C =2.08. The characteristics of green space network are γ=0.49,α=0.34,β=2.88 and C =1.44. The characteristics of road-river-green space compound network are γ=0.44,α=0.16,β=2.63 and C=4.13. Calculation analysis aims at providing a foundation for eco-city development construction and the urban landscape ecological network planning. Results show that, with different connectivity characters individually for each network, all the networks have higher connectivity, but the connectivity degrades sharply to the path-river-green space compound network. The indicators γ,α and β of road network degrade by 37%, 70% and 35% individually, and the indicatorsγ,α and β of river network degrade by 32%, 64% and 138% individually. All this shows fragmentation, isolation and low connection of Shanghai urban landscape eco-network. Finally, the paper gives some suggestions to dealing with the problems of promoting the circle connectivity, increasing the number and scale of network knots, and constructing the eco-bridge between three networks at each knot in order to promote connectivity of the total eco-network.

Key words: urban landscape eco-network, landscape connectivity, indicator system, ecological evaluation, Shanghai