关键词: 城市内部迁居, 第二住宅, 通勤, 居住郊区化, 北京intra-urban migration, the second house, commuting, residential suburba-nization, Beijing

Abstract:

Using the data of 1,000 questionnaires, the authors try to analyze the behavior of intra-urban migration and residential suburbanization, the second house and seasonal suburbanization, and other correlative spatial behaviors including commuting, traveling and shopping of urban residents in the process of suburbanization in Beijing. The main findings include the following: To begin with, the moving ratio is higher in Beijing, comparing with that in other Chinese cities, and the moving ratio in the inner suburb of Beijing is the highest, comparing with that in the core and the outer suburb, showing the typical characteristics of inner suburbanization in Beijing. The fact that the temporal characteristics of intra-urban migration accord well with the process of development of real estate and renewal of the old city in Beijing reflects the development of residential suburbanization. In Beijing, investigation of intra-urban migration also shows that local urbanization and inner suburbanization are obvious, that the most important reasons of intra-urban migration include the allocation of housing by danwei (place of work), and housing rehabilitation, and that the separation between habitation and place of work has broken the traditional pattern of unity of habitation and job, causing the changes of urban residential spatial structure. Secondly, the authors think that there are 900 thousand second houses in Beijing. Then, why do urban residents have their second houses? Investigation shows that the most important reason is the allocation of housing by danwei, and the second one is that they need them when work. Most of the second houses are put out to lease,for other purpose and inhabitancy by parents or some relatives coming from hometown. In Beijing, second house has not reached the extent of centralization in large scale, although it manifested some characteristics of seasonal suburbanization. Thirdly, the behavior of commuting, traveling and shopping of Beijing's residents changed in the process of residential suburbanization. Migration improves the commuting of long period in Beijing. On weekdays, migration improves the traffic conditions of urban residents, with the decreasing of ratio of changing buses in the core and the increasing of ratio of private cars in the core and inner suburb, while on weekends, migration also changes the traffic ways of urban residents with the increasing of ratios of non-changing buses and private cars, inflecting the characteristics of change and renewal of urban traffic ways. The changes of choice of shopping place of Beijing's residents and the changes of frequency of going to shopping place of residents now and ten years ago are investigated and analyzed, indicating that urban residents in Beijing are decreasing their dependence on commercial facilities in the core, and that residential suburbanization is quickening its step.

Key words: intra-urban migration, the second house, commuting, residential suburba-nization, Beijing