关键词: 社会区, 生态因子分析, 山区城市, 资源型城市

Abstract:

The research about urban social area and social spatial structure started in the mid 1980s in China.Since then most of the studies about urban social area have been focused upon the super-large central cities with comprehensive urban functions such as Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Xian.Few similar researches have been done in the other kind of cities.This paper chose Shaoguan City in Guangdong Province as a case study,which is characterized by large size,locating in mountain area,and taking mineral resources developing and processing industries as its dominant function.In the study,19 spatial statistical units based on the fifth national census were divided,data of 11 categories and 75 variables for each spatial unit were used,and the method of ecological factorial analysis was adopted.The main conclusions are: there are seven categories of social areas in Shaoguan City,including old urban area with high population density and comprehensive functions,high class residential area,mixed residential area in urban fringe,scattered residential area of agricultural population,moving-in residential area of middle income households,residential area of state-owned enterprises,residential area of old population,etc.The main features and spatial locations of the first five categories within these seven social areas are very similar to those in the super-large central cities with comprehensive urban functions,while the last two are different,which reflect the special feature of Shaoguan and its similar cities. Four main factors,including occupation structure and socio-economic status, scientific and cultural level,urban developing history and constructing order, and family feature,played the most important roles in the course of the formation and change of Shaoguan's urban social areas.Within which the scientific and cultural level,and the urban developing history and constructing order are very similar to those in the super-large central cities with comprehensive functions,while the other two are different,i.e.,the occupation structure played much more important role in the cities like Shaoguan than those like Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou;and some family and demographic features like age,sex proportion,proportion of migrants,were not playing as important roles in the super-large central cities with comprehensive functions as in a city like Shaoguan characterizing by large size,locating in mountain area,with mineral resources developing and processing industries as dominant function.

Key words: social area, factorial ecological analysis, mountain area city, resource developing city