2000年以来中国区域经济差异的时空演变

doi:10.11821/dlyj201502004

Abstract

Abstract:

Regional economic disparity has been a highly debated topic since the 1990s. Many domestic and foreign scholars have completed various aspects of studies in this field. The analyses of the economic disparities and their spatio-temporal evolution are of great significance for the government to generate balanced and non-balanced development strategy of regional economy. This paper integrated the methods of two-stage nested Theil decomposition and ESDA. Based on the three-level hierarchical structure (economic zone-province-district), regional disparities were decomposed into three components: the between-region, between-province and within-province components. Also, the paper explored spatial autocorrelation at the district level using ESDA method. The results showed that, (1) the economic disparities increased slightly since 2000 and then decreased continuously after 2004. The degree of within-province disparity was the highest, followed by the between-region component, while the between-province component was the lowest. (2) Compared with other economic zones, the Middle Reach of Yellow River Economic Zone, the Northeast Economic Zone, the Southwest Economic Zone and the Northeast Economic Zone had relatively great economic disparities. (3) The number of provinces with a decline within-province economic disparities was increasing. (4) China's regional economic disparities showed a significant spatial polarization trend with a rising change of HH type districts, a stable trend of LL type districts and a relatively small number of HL and LH type districts.Finally, the paper briefly analyzed the impact factors of regional economic disparities since 2000. This paper argued that the difference of Chinese regional development policy was the main macro factor, such as strategies of Western China Development, Revitalizing the Northeast Old Industrial Bases and the Rise of Central China. Location and infrastructure difference were the factors that objectively led to regional economic disparities. Differences of resource endowments were the initial factors causing economic disparities, which were also influenced by the allocation and efficiency of resource utilization. Differences of investment in fixed assets were the direct factor that contributed to economic disparities. Division of executive power was another important factor leading to the concentrated distribution of poverty zones.

Key words: Theil index, ESDA, economic disparities, China

Changchun FENG, Zanrong ZENG, Nana CUI. The economic disparities and their spatio-temporal evolution in China since 2000[J].GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2015, 34(2): 234-246.

Figures/Tables 9

Tab. 1

Studies on national economic disparities in China"

作者	时间段(年)	研究尺度	方法	主要结论
杨开忠^[2]	1952-1990	省级	变异系数	以1978年为转折大致呈倒“U”型变动,即1978年以前差异扩大,1978-1990年差异缩小
孟斌, 等^[3]	1952-2000	省级	ESDA	人均GDP存在显著的正的空间自相关特性
宋德勇^[4]	1978-1995	三大地带、省级	Theil指数一阶分解	全国地区差距水平呈正U型,1978-1989年地区差距逐年下降,1990-1995年地区差距水平缓步上升,地区差距逐渐扩大
徐建华, 等^[5]	1978-2000	省级、地级、县级	Theil指数二阶分解、小波分析	在分辨率S4下,基本上服从“倒U型”曲线;在分辨率S3下,变成由若干“倒U”和U型曲线首尾相接的“复合倒U型曲线"
李小建, 等^[6]	1990-1998	县级	均值、标准差、变异系数	1990-1998年县域经济发展相对差异明显变小,但沿海地区与内陆地区的差异则有所扩大
蔡昉, 等^[7]	1990-1999	三大地带、省级	Theil指数一阶分解	1990-1999年经济差异先降低后上升,东、中、西地带对总差异的贡献依次减小
周玉翠, 等^[8]	1990-2000	省级	标准差、标准差系数	1990-2000年省际差异明显增大,具体是沿海与内陆的差异扩大,而沿海各省市之间差异有缩小的趋势
张馨之, 等^[9]	1990-2004	地级	ESDA	地级区域发展差距持续扩大,主要表现为东部沿海地区与其它地区的差距明显拉大
关兴良, 等^[10]	2000-2009	省级、地级、县级	空间场能、ESDA	2000-2009年中国区域经济的不平衡性在扩大
陈秀山, 等^[13]	1970-2002	三大地带、省级	基尼系数、变异系数、Theil指数一阶分解	三个指数变动过程总体上比较接近,大体呈“V”型,即经济差异先下降后上升
曲鲁宁^[14]	1985-2005	经济区、省级	Theil指数一阶分解、人类发展指数	总体趋势微弱类似“V”型
芦惠, 等^[15]	2000-2010	地级	基尼系数、Theil指数一阶分解、极化指数	2000-2010年地级市区域经济总差异呈扩大—缩小—扩大—缩小—再扩大的趋势,区域经济极化总体增强

Tab. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 2

Fig. 4

Tab. 3

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

References 19

[1]	杨智斌, 曾先峰. 中国区域经济差异问题研究综述. 经济地理, 2010, 30(6): 899-905.
	[Yang Zhibin, Zeng Xianfeng.Study on China's regional economic disparities summary. Economic Geography, 2010, 30(6): 899-905.]
[2]	杨开忠. 中国区域经济差异变动研究. 经济研究, 1994, (12): 28-33.
	[Yang Kaizhong.Study on changes of China's regional economic disparities. Economic Research Journal, 1994, (12): 28-33.]
[3]	孟斌, 王劲峰, 张文忠, 等. 基于空间分析方法的中国区域经济差异研究. 地理科学, 2005, 25(4): 393-400.
	[Meng Bin, Wang Jinfeng, Zhang Wenzhong, et al.Evaluation of regional disparity in China based on spatial analysis. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2005, 25(4): 393-400.]
[4]	宋德勇. 改革开放以来中国经济发展的地区差距状况. 数量经济技术经济研究, 1998, (3): 15-18.
	[Song Deyong.Study on China's regional economic disparities since reform and opening. The Journal of Quantitative & Technical Economics, 1998, (3): 15-18]
[5]	徐建华, 鲁凤, 苏方林, 等. 中国区域经济差异的时空尺度分析. 地理研究, 2005, 24(1): 57-68.
	[Xu Jianhua, Lu Feng, Su Fanglin, et al.Spatial and temporal scale analysis on the regional economic disparities in China. Geographical Research, 2005, 24(1): 57-68.]
[6]	李小建, 乔家君. 20世纪90年代中国县际经济差异的空间分析. 地理学报, 2001, 56(2): 136-145.
	[Li Xiaojian, Qiao Jiajun.County level economic disparities of China in the 1990s. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2001, 56(2): 136-145.]
[7]	蔡昉, 都阳. 中国地区经济增长的趋同与差异: 对西部开发战略的启示. 经济研究, 2000, (10): 30-37.
	[Cai Fang, Du Yang.Convergence and divergence of regional economic growth in China. Economic Research Journal, 2000, (10): 30-37.]
[8]	周玉翠, 齐清文, 冯灿飞. 近 10 年中国省际经济差异动态变化特征. 地理研究, 2002, 21(6): 781-790.
	[Zhou Yucui, Qi Qingwen, Feng Canfei.Characteristics of dynamic variation of the inter provincial economic difference in China in recent ten years. Geographical Research, 2002, 21(6): 781-790.]
[9]	张馨之, 何江. 中国地区经济发展差距的空间分析. 地域研究与开发, 2007, 26(1): 35-39.
	[Zhang Xinzhi, Hejiang. Spatial analysis for the disparities of Chinese regional economy development. Areal Research and Development, 2007, 26(1): 35-39.]
[10]	关兴良, 方创琳, 罗奎. 基于空间场能的中国区域经济发展差异评价. 地理科学, 2012, 32(9): 1055-1065.
	[Guan Xingliang, Fang Chuanglin, Luo Kui.Regional economic development disparity of China: An application of spatial field. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2012, 32(9): 1055-1065.]
[11]	陈文娣, 黄震方, 蒋卫国, 等. 长江中游经济带区域经济差异及其时空演变特征. 热带地理, 2013, 33(3): 324-332.
	[Chen Wendi, Huang Zhenfang, Jiang Weiguo, et al.Regional economic differences and spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the Yangtze Midstream Economic Zone. Tropical Geography, 2013, 33(3): 324-332.]
[12]	周沂, 沈昊婧, 贺灿飞. 武汉城市群经济整合及其影响因素. 经济地理, 2013, 33(2): 53-60.
	[Zhou Yi, Shen Haojing, He Canfei.Economic integration and its influencing factors in the Wuhan urban agglomeration. Economic Geography, 2013, 33(2): 53-60.]
[13]	陈秀山, 徐瑛. 中国区域差距影响因素的实证研究. 中国社会科学, 2004, (5): 117-129.
	[Chen Xiushan, Xu Ying.Factors affecting China's regional gap: An empirical study. Social Sciences in China, 2004, (5): 117-129.]
[14]	曲鲁宁. 我国地区经济发展差距及其发展态势分析. 北方经济, 2008, (8): 59-61.
	[Qu Luning.Analysis for China's regional economic disparities and its development trend. Northern Economy, 2008, (8): 59-61.]
[15]	芦惠, 欧向军, 李想, 等. 中国区域经济差异与极化的时空分析. 经济地理, 2013, 33(6): 15-21.
	[Lu Hui, Ou Xiangjun, Li Xiang, et al.Space-time analysis on the regional economic inequality and polarization in China. Economic Geography, 2013, 33(6): 15-21.]
[16]	Yamamoto D.Scales of regional income disparities in the USA 1955-2003. Journal of Economic Geography, 2008, 8(1): 79-103.
[17]	Rodriguez Pose A, Ezcurra R.Does decentralization matter for regional disparities? A cross-country analysis. Journal of Economic Geography, 2010, 10(5): 619-644.
[18]	Akita T, Lukman R A, Yamada Y.Inequality in the distribution of household expenditures in Indonesia: A Theil decomposition analysis. The Developing Economies, 1999, 37(2): 197-221.
[19]	陈培阳, 朱熹钢. 基于不同尺度的中国区域经济差异. 地理学报, 2012, 67(8): 1085-1097.
	[Chen Peiyang, Zhu Xigang.Regional inequalities in China at different scales. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2012, 67(8): 1085-1097.]

区域	Theil		GDP比重(%)	人口比重(%)	人均GDP（元）
区域	值	贡献度(%)	GDP比重(%)	人口比重(%)	人均GDP（元）
北部沿海综合经济区	0.0001	0.0	18.3	15.2	53125
河北	0.1337	7.6	9.7	8.0	53859
山东	0.0979	4.9	8.6	7.2	52505
黄河中游综合经济区	0.0486	3.6	12.5	14.3	38657
山西	0.0586	0.7	2.1	2.7	34205
内蒙古	0.1725	3.1	3.0	1.9	72138
河南	0.0840	2.5	5.0	7.0	31565
陕西	0.1073	1.5	2.4	2.8	38514
东北综合经济区	0.0192	1.1	9.4	8.1	50928
辽宁	0.0849	2.3	4.6	3.3	62336
吉林	0.0268	0.3	2.2	2.0	48315
黑龙江	0.2137	3.2	2.5	2.8	39563
东部沿海综合经济区	0.0025	0.3	18.7	11.7	70341
江苏	0.0652	4.9	12.8	7.7	73908
浙江	0.0499	1.7	5.8	4.1	63604
长江中游综合经济区	0.0091	0.7	13.0	17.1	33400
安徽	0.1374	2.4	3.0	4.5	29326
江西	0.1145	1.5	2.2	3.4	28451
湖北	0.1439	3.3	3.9	4.3	39933
湖南	0.1553	3.5	3.9	4.9	34766
南部沿海综合经济区	0.0013	0.1	13.7	10.9	55595
福建	0.0221	0.4	3.3	2.8	52945
广东	0.1971	11.8	10.2	7.9	56927
海南	0.0033	0.0	0.2	0.2	40582
大西南综合经济区	0.0202	1.1	11.2	17.8	27736
四川	0.0698	2.5	6.1	8.2	32912
贵州	0.0698	0.5	1.1	2.6	18496
云南	0.1187	1.2	1.8	3.5	22684
广西	0.0618	0.8	2.2	3.5	27395
大西北综合经济区	0.0252	0.5	11.2	4.8	29369
西藏	0.1268	0.1	0.1	0.2	22795
甘肃	0.2256	1.3	1.0	1.9	22107
青海	0.2020	0.4	0.3	0.4	35505
宁夏	0.1408	0.3	0.4	0.5	35518
新疆	0.2365	1.9	1.4	1.7	35153
省内差异	0.110	64.5
省间差异	0.012	7.3
经济区间差异	0.048	28.2
总差异	0.171	100

省份	2000年		2006年			2012年
省份	省内差异	位次	省内差异	位次	位次变化	省内差异	位次	位次变化
新疆	0.323	1	0.370	1	0	0.237	1	0
广东	0.310	2	0.265	3	+1	0.197	5	+3
黑龙江	0.268	3	0.235	4	+1	0.214	3	0
甘肃	0.257	4	0.287	2	-2	0.226	2	-2
云南	0.252	5	0.148	12	+7	0.119	13	+8
宁夏	0.230	6	0.208	6	0	0.141	9	+3
江苏	0.226	7	0.155	10	+3	0.065	21	+14
辽宁	0.170	8	0.133	15	+7	0.085	17	+9
青海	0.154	9	0.218	5	-4	0.202	4	-5
山东	0.150	10	0.135	14	+4	0.098	16	+6
西藏	0.148	11	0.084	21	+10	0.127	12	+1
贵州	0.135	12	0.146	13	+1	0.070	19	+7
河北	0.130	13	0.155	11	-2	0.134	11	-2
四川	0.128	14	0.087	20	+6	0.070	20	+6
湖北	0.120	15	0.159	9	-6	0.144	8	-7
福建	0.114	16	0.077	22	+6	0.022	26	+10
安徽	0.109	17	0.174	8	-9	0.137	10	-7
陕西	0.108	18	0.098	19	+1	0.107	15	-3
广西	0.103	19	0.060	25	+6	0.062	22	+3
山西	0.098	20	0.071	23	+3	0.059	23	+3
内蒙古	0.096	21	0.186	7	-14	0.173	6	-15
江西	0.090	22	0.121	16	-6	0.115	14	-8
吉林	0.076	23	0.046	26	+3	0.027	25	+2
湖南	0.075	24	0.113	18	-6	0.155	7	-17
河南	0.072	25	0.116	17	-8	0.084	18	-7
浙江	0.062	26	0.069	24	-2	0.050	24	-2
海南	0.022	27	0.001	27	0	0.003	27	0

The economic disparities and their spatio-temporal evolution in China since 2000

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 9

References 19

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 10

[1]	Fan ZHANG, Yuemin NING, Xiyang LOU. Competitiveness and regional inequality of China’s mega-city regions [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(7): 1664-1677.
[2]	Jinghu PAN, Jianbo LAI. Research on spatial pattern of population mobility among cities: A case study of "Tencent Migration" big data in "National Day-Mid-Autumn Festival" vacation [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(7): 1678-1693.
[3]	Luqi LI, Xiang KONG, Yiman LI, Bowen XUYANG. The selection of the strategic pivot in China-Central Asia cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(7): 1705-1719.
[4]	Tonggang ZENG, Yuan ZHAO. Spatial and temporal evolution of the undertakings for the elderly and spatial mismatch of economy in China [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(6): 1497-1511.
[5]	Meijuan HU, Zaijun LI, Zhengshan DING, Nianxing ZHOU, Yichen SHEN. The spatio-temporal heterogeneity and driving mechanism of China's water transfer from agriculture to non-agriculture [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(6): 1542-1554.
[6]	Mei YAN, Guoping LI, Jinchuan HUANG. Measurement and spatial disparities of regional Purchasing Power Parity in China [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(6): 1451-1463.
[7]	Wulin WANG, Cuichan YU, Wei SHUI, Pinqi WU, Qianfeng WANG. Research on spatio-temporal pattern of specialized development of Chinese planting industry [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(5): 1265-1279.
[8]	Yang ZHOU, Yuanzhi GUO, Yansui LIU. Areal types and their development paths in rural China [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(3): 467-481.
[9]	Wei QI, Kaiyong WANG. City administrative area and physical area in China: Spatial differences and integration strategies [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(2): 207-220.
[10]	Binyan WANG, Shijun WANG, Junfeng TIAN, Feilong HAO. Spatial-temporal characteristics of innovation output and its influencing factors of the key industries in China [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(2): 259-272.
[11]	Zhouying SONG, Lei KANG, Yi LIU. Spatio-temporal analysis of provincial input-output efficiency in China [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(2): 326-336.
[12]	Jie FAN, Rui GUO. Re-recognition of precondition and driving mechanism of new-type urbanization [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(1): 3-12.
[13]	Qiwen CAO, Chao BAO, Chaolin GU, Weihua GUAN. China's urbanization SD modelling and simulation based on water resource constraints [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(1): 167-180.
[14]	Jianfa SHEN. Migration, floating population and urbanization in China: Realities, theories, and strategies [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(1): 33-44.
[15]	Shijun WANG, Chao LIAN, Ziyu ZHAO. From central place to city network: A theoretical change in China's urban system study [J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019, 38(1): 64-74.