长江沿岸港口物流发展格局演化及其机制

doi:10.11821/dlyj201805006

Abstract

Abstract:

Port logistics, which is a special form of integrated logistics system, gradually develops through the long-term interactions of natural, social, and economic factors. The strong spatial agglomeration and organizational capacity of port logistics on global supply chain elements (such as material flow, business flow, information flow, and capital flow), makes it a critical factor influencing regional survival, competition, and development. Thus, the formation and evolution of port logistics has become a topic of research interest in the transportation geography sector. Based on the connotation of port logistics, this study takes the major 22 ports along the Yangtze River as the research object and develops a comprehensive evaluation index system of port logistics development. This study then analyzes the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and mechanism of port logistics development along the Yangtze River, by using the methods of Gini coefficient and standard deviational ellipse. Our study revealed that: (1) The development of the port logistics system along the Yangtze River has significant zonal differences. The overall development level of port logistics of the eastern, central, and western port groups is decreasing from east to west, but the growth rate is increasing from east to west. At the port level, a relatively large gap is observed in the comprehensive development level of port logistics along the Yangtze River due to the geographical environment, hinterland, transportation conditions, as well as other factors. Furthermore, we also found that the hierarchical structure characteristics of the port logistics system are evident. (2) With the constant development of the port logistics industry along the Yangtze River, development differences among the port logistics system and its three subsystems are constantly decreasing. Moreover, the effect sequence of the three subsystems on the comprehensive Gini coefficient of the port logistics system is as follows: city support, infrastructure, and logistics operation subsystem. (3) From 2004 to 2014, the gravity of the port logistics system has significantly transferred toward the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In addition, the major axes, minor axes, and area of the standard deviational ellipse of the port logistics system continued to grow. This indicates that there is an obvious decentralized tendency in the spatial pattern of port logistics development along the Yangtze River. (4) Lastly, this paper argues that the four main influencing factors of the spatio-temporal evolution of port logistics along the Yangtze River can be attributed to the balanced development of the regional economy, continuous optimization of the transportation network, intense hinterland competition among ports, and constant deepening of the regional port logistics cooperation.

Key words: port logistics, spatio-temporal evolution, mechanism, Gini coefficient, standard deviational ellipse, the Yangtze River

Shilin YE, Youhui CAO, Jiawei WANG, Xinhua QI. Spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and mechanism of the port logistics system along the Yangtze River[J].GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2018, 37(5): 925-936.

Figures/Tables 7

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Fig. 1

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References 31

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一级指标	二级指标	三级指标	权重
港口物流综合发展度	基础设施	生产用泊位数	0.06
		万吨级泊位数	0.09
		生产用码头长度	0.07
		航道水深	0.08
	物流运营	货物吞吐量	0.10
		集装箱吞吐量	0.10
		从业人员数	0.07
		水上运输企业数	0.05
	城市支撑	人均地区生产总值	0.09
		第三产业占比	0.08
		人均进出口贸易总额	0.08
		金融—保险指数^①	0.07
		人力—信息指数^②	0.06

港口地域	港口名称	整体发展水平			年均增长率（%）
港口地域	港口名称	2004年	2009年	2014年	年均增长率（%）
西部港口群	泸州港、重庆港	1.77	2.84	4.14	8.88
中部港口群	宜昌港、荆州港、岳阳港、武汉港、黄石港、九江港、安庆港、池州港、铜陵港、芜湖港、马鞍山港	8.03	13.45	15.91	7.07
东部港口群	南京港、扬州港、镇江港、泰州港、常州港、江阴港、南通港、苏州港、上海港	18.24	26.15	33.58	6.30
合计		28.03	42.44	53.63	6.70

等级	港口数量	港口	平均发展水平
一级	1	上海港	9.00
二级	3	苏州港、南京港、重庆港	4.05
三级	7	江阴港、南通港、镇江港、常州港、武汉港、泰州港、扬州港	2.62
四级	11	芜湖港、铜陵港、马鞍山港、池州港、荆州港、九江港、安庆港、宜昌港、黄石港、岳阳港、泸州港	1.28

年份	长轴（km）	短轴（km）	旋转角	重心轨迹
年份	长轴（km）	短轴（km）	旋转角	经度	纬度	移动方向	移动距离（km）
2004年	550.79	78.65	18.71	118°07'55"E	31°27'45"N	-	-
2009年	563.79	80.26	18.46	117°58'55"E	31°23'43"N	西南	15.97
2014年	580.33	80.69	18.40	117°54'57"E	31°25'18"N	西北	6.88

Spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and mechanism of the port logistics system along the Yangtze River

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