崇明东滩湿地CO2 、CH4和N2O 排放的时空差异

doi:10.11821/yj2010050018

Abstract

Abstract:

The temporal and spatial variations and effect factors of greenhouse gases (CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O) emission from Chongming eastern tidal flat, the typical and most important wetland of the Yangtze estuary, have been studied on three time scales, i.e. seasonally, diurnally and tidally, and at four sampling areas, i.e. reclaimed wetland, high tidal flat, middle tidal flat and low tidal flat. On the scale of growing season, all of the gases emitted significantly from wetland. Diurnal fluxes of CO₂ and CH₄ were less than nocturnal ones, and N₂O flux peak was found in the afternoon. In the early stage of the exposure after tide ebbed, CH₄ and N₂O emitted from sediments, while CO₂ was absorbed by sediments. The spatial variation of greenhouse gases was related to water gradient along the direction from land to sea. CH₄ emission from high tidal flat was significantly higher than that from reclaimed wetland and from middle tidal flat, and a slight consumption was observed at low tidal flat. N₂O emitted only at reclaimed wetland and consumed at other sampling sites. CO₂ showed a significant emission from the planted sites and a slight consumption at low tidal flat. Both air temperature and soil temperature exerted influence on gases emission, with plants as intermediary. Tide-caused "immergence-exposure" change in sediment proved to be indispensable to gases emission from tidal wetlands. Physic-chemical characteristics of soil, such as organic carbon, ammonium, sulfate and redox potential, had profound effects on gases emission. Cutting of plants led to consequent additional emission. Land use change caused change of gases emission: as high tidal flat was converted into reclaimed wetland, flux of CH₄ decreased and fluxes of N₂O and CO₂ increased. The estimated emissions in growing season from the Chongming eastern tidal flat wetland were 5.1×10⁷ g CH₄, 1.0×10⁵ g N₂O and 1.7×10¹¹ g CO₂, respectively.

Key words: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, greenhouse gas emission, coastal wetland, Yangtze estuary

WANG Qing, LIU Min, HOU Li-jun, CHENG Shu-bo. Characteristics and influencing factors of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O emissions from Chongming eastern tidal flat wetland[J].GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2010, 29(5): 935-946.

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Characteristics and influencing factors of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O emissions from Chongming eastern tidal flat wetland

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Characteristics and influencing factors of CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions from Chongming eastern tidal flat wetland

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Characteristics and influencing factors of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O emissions from Chongming eastern tidal flat wetland