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  • 1992 Volume 11 Issue 1
    Published: 15 March 1992
      

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    Professor Zuo Dakangdiedat Beijingon January 3,1992.Prof.Zuo is the Chairman of the Academic Committee of the Institute of Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,the Director of the Earth Science Section,National Natural Science Foundation of China and the former Director of the Institute of Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences.
  • Ju Jiwu
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    This paper Points out that geographic environment, Productive activities and phylosophic thought were main oringions of classical geography in the Dre-Chin dynasty period and ancient GreeceThe diffrence in geographic environment, Productive activities and phylosophic thought between Pre-Chin dynasty period of China and ancient Grece,leads in the classical geography mainly different ideas of world, the content of physical geography ideas and regional geography and the relationship of man with the earth.The clossed inland environment of ancient China leads to the ideas of ancient Chinese about a flat world and relative regional geography. The open oceanic environment of ancient Greece leads to the ideas of the ancient Greek about a global world and there relative regional geography.In the course of agricultural producture activities of ancient China the physical geograpgy which researches into climate, water and soil was formed while the productive activities of the ancient Greek was maily navigation and trade and they from a physical geography which researches into the origin of the sea and the land and the climate of the world.The humanism of ancient China whose object was the relationship of heaven and man and the relationship among the people and the naturelism of the ancient Greek which reseaches the phylosophic idea of the universe also influence, The development of their respective ideas of the world and the views of physical geography.
  • Luo Zhexian
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    A two-dimensional model is used to analyze the effects of various arrangement of fores zones on the distributions of local potential temperatures and local vertical velocities. Results of six numerical experiments manifest that more intense vertical cell excited by the plant-bare soil horizontal inhomogenties can be expected in case the arrangements of forest zones are morer ational which is favorable to the formation of local convective rain in the quasiarid regions.
  • Zhou Binggen, Wu Lichun
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    Xiuning Basin is a fault trough basin.It is situated in the southern part of Anhui Province, China.And its area is 560km2. The regin of the basin was a part of the Jiangnan old continent. During the late Jurassic-early Cretaceous Period, the basin was formed by fault along old fault lines (Proterozic Era) Red sediment was deposited in the basin during the Cretaceous Period and its thickness was 2350-3929m. During the Ximalaya Morement the basin was raised and it was accompanied with fault action. The geomorphological types of red stratum were formed by the tectonic morement, deposition and exogenic force.
  • Li Dongyu
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    The study of commodity buying and selling region distribution is one of the important contents in commercial geographical research. It is this paper that is mainly to explore the research method of this content.1. The location of commodity buying and selling bases can be decided by the proportion of commodity buying and selling amount in the high level area. As soon as the amount of some commodity buying (or selling) in some region is quite great, and holds a greater proportion in high level area, the region can be regarded as main buying (or selling) base of this commodity. The distribution of buying and selling bases may be expressed by concentration index The factors which influence the buying and selling region distribution can be initially chosen with seating arrangement analysiis, and then the interrelated coefficient is used to find the main factor.2. The ratio of buying and selling theoretically reflects the relation of of commodity supplying and demanding of various regions.The location quotient of buying and selling reflects the situation of surplus and shortage of commodities. Buying and selling ratio can qualitatively decide the region of commodity transferring in and tansferring out, and the calculation of the amount of transferring in and transferring out can quantitatively decide the main regions of transferring in and transferring out of commodities. Under the known condition mentioned above, we can find the best trend of commodities throgh table work by linear programming.
  • Xu Yong
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    The history of rural labor force shift was divided into two phases in Huanghuaihai region. Today, labor force employment still concentrates on agricultural field, and the most of agricultural labor force hold more posts at the same time. The level of rural labor force shift is very low commonly, and regional difference is very ordinary. The quantity of rural labor force surplus is big, there will be 35-38 milljon people in need of new employment by 2000. The major fields of rural labor force shift include rural industry,the third industry and developing agricultural reserved resource. The measure for developing employment includes promoting economic growth, improving employment elasticity of rural enterprise, increasing cultural quality of rural labor force, perfecting the construction of small town system and labor force market.
  • Yang Zaitian, Xiong Shaohua
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    This paper, based on "Xu Xiake's Travels", analyzes and generalizes the social economic situation and living conditions in the South of China towards the end of the Ming Dynasty. This report also studies his considerable contributions to the humanities and geography in China.
  • Guo Jianping
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    On the basis of introduction of effects of climatic change on ecology and agriculture, the formula to compute related change rate of food yield was deduced by using the temperature and precipitation data of 100 stations in the eastern part of China and according to some empirical formula. The related values of food yield were computed when the yearly mean temperature changes 1, 2, 3℃ and yearly mean precipitation changes 10%, 20%, 30%. The results showed. The yearly mean temperature changes 1℃. The food yield changes 2-3% correspondingly, and the higher the latitude, the greater the effect is; The yearly mean precipitation changes 1%. The food yield changes 1% correspondingly, and it is not change in any where.
  • Yang Binggeng, Yang Lingbin
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    The paper, under a combined manner of qualitative and quantitative analysis, shows a comprehensive, specific and integrated study on the relationship between the exploitation of unique resouroes in Changbai Mountains and the time-spatial changes of ecological economies there. Following the analysis, a prediction is made about she prospect of economic and environmental evolution in the area in order to provide a rational foundation for further utilization of local resources.
  • Ren Jin
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    In view of the fact that the large forest regions on the Ziwuling have disappeared, the author makes statistics and analysis of July convective rain from the Taibai station in forest region and the ten meteorological stations nearby the Ziwuling.The results show: 1) After the forest region was destroyed, there was a marked decrease in the convective rainfall in northeast and southeast of this area, 2) The significance test of the average of convective rainfall shows that forest regions destroyed can only bring up a few of the regions of the total differences of convecti venfall. These regions are Xunyi and Tongcuan in southeast of Ziwuling. 3) Now the variabities of convective rainfall enlarge more obviously than that before the forest region was destoryed.
  • Pan Fengying
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    Nanjing is locateb in the valley floor.plain of the lower reaches of Yangtze River and the west of Ling-Zhen Mountains, along the north of which the Yangtze River flows as an arc from south-west to north-east. There are many hills anb three-grdbe accumulateb terraces in its urban anb suburban areas, the terracevs urface,cut and eroded by flowing water, has formed gully geomorphy There are many hillslibe slopes, terrace slopes and gully slopes in urban and suburban, and many of these slopes range from 15 to 30 degrees, and the fault steep slopes from 60 to 70. The fracture structure of the area developes and breaks bedrocks.Quaternary sediments are loose and its porosity is bigger and The average rain-fall is about 1, 000mm every year. All of these provide advantageous conditions to form calamitious gravity geomorphy, which has happened and caused econo mic losses including breakdown, slide and river bank caving. A lot of facts demostrate that the calamitous gravity geomorphy is formeb by natural factors and the short-term behaivious in human activities. It's essential to focus our attention on the stuby of the calamitous gravity geomorphy and take some necessary measures to prevent according to the local conditions.
  • Gao Yongyuan
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    The research fields of geography are very broab, it embraces parts of natural system, and parts of human system also.For this reason, geography is conceived as a branch of natural science, at the same time, it is also conceived as a branch of social science.This dualism is regarded as a remarkable characteristic of geography. But for a long time, this opinion has been attack-eb from left and right hands.Until recently, owing to the spread of integrating or synthesizing thought, this viewpoint has been changed, the integrity of the discipline can be maintained by seeking to integrate the two facets, for this reason I agree upon Mr. Qian Xuesen's proposal that "The sciense of geography is the confluence of natural science and social science."