本文介绍了连续和离散线性水文系统模型以及它们之间的对应关系,论述了离散线性水文系统模型的稳定性,其参数之间的对应关系,着重说明了现有常用几种水文模型均是离散水文系统模型的特例,提出了离散线性水文系统模型参数确定的四种方法,并给出了算例。

Significant advances have been made in adopting the linear systems theory in modeling the rainfall-runoff process since Nash proposed the model with equal reservoirs in series in 1957. Such hydrologic models, known as input-output models, are attempted to establish a causal linkage between two or more observed phenomena without detailed description of the physical process under investigation.Continuous models mayebe handled elegantly with operational mathematics. However,hydrologic data are almost always discrete.Therefore, discrete models are of general interest in practice.The purpose of this paper is to present a discretely coincident form of general linear hybrologic system models, to describe some important properties of discrete, linear, hydrologic system model and to suggest different methods for estimating paramters with numerical examples.