在分析地图传输论和符号视觉变量的基础上,提出了地图符号构成元素。指出了符号构成元素由位置、形状、色彩(括色相、纯度和亮度)、尺寸(括大小、粗细、长短和分割比例)、网纹(括排列和疏密)、方向和注记(括文字数字、字体字级)组成。研究出了符号构成元素的设计模式为:选择,叠置或匹配,强化或减弱,拉伸或压缩。并讨论了符号构成元素的设计步骤。

Based on analyzing the cartographic communication theory and the symbol dimensions, the paper advanced from the symbolic constitution elements, such as position, form, hue, size, texture, direction and notation to map design.The designing models of symbolic constitution elements are some methods, such as selection, coverture, cooperation, strengthening, weakening, extension and condesing.The process of designing symbolic constitution elements for thematic mapping is presented.The design of symbolic constitution elements is to express thematic factors, and it has a very important theoretical and practical significance to promote the development of computer-assisted cartography and GIS and to increase designing level of thematic mapping.