通过对中国地市级以上行政区域及部分县级行政区域金融业的空间分布格局和空间相关性的分析，将金融业的空间区位差作为衡量区域性金融中心辐射能力的指标，并在新经济地理学理论框架下，拓展传统的空间计量回归模型，对中国区域性金融中心辐射能力进行影响因素分析。结果发现：中国金融业存在着较强的空间相关性和空间溢出效应，中国区域性金融中心具有显著的空间辐射能力；中国区域性金融中心空间辐射能力不仅同本区域经济规模、金融环境和人力支撑有关，而且还受到相邻区域的经济因素和相邻区域间经济差异的影响；中国金融产业空间扩散不同于传统产业，有其本身固有的特点，其受贸易活跃程度和交通运输条件的影响并不明显。进而，本文提出了研究的理论启示和政策建议。
By the analysis of spatial distribution and spatial correlation of Chinese regional financial industry on the level of prefecture-level and above administrative region in China, we take the spatial location entropy difference as the index to measure the spatial radiation ability of the regional financial centers of China. Then under the theoretical framework of new geographical economics theory, we expand the traditional spatial regression model and make the factor analysis of the spatial radiation ability of the regional financial centers. From the empirical results of spatial radiation ability impact factors of the regional financial centers in China, we find that there are strong spillover effects of regional financial industry and regional financial centers have significant spatial radiation abilities. The spatial radiation ability of the regional financial center does not only relate to the regional economy, financial environment and human support, but also is affected by economic factors of adjacent regions and the gap between adjacent areas. Moreover, the spatial diffusion of regional financial industry is different from the traditional industries, which has its inherent characteristics that the influence of trade activity and transportation conditions is not significant. Therefore, we suggest that the Chinese government should formulate industrial policies from the three aspects of itself, the adjacent regions and the regional gap to improve the spatial radiation ability of regional financial centers. By the means of creating suitable spatial carrier and policy platform for the development of China's regional financial centers, promoting the regional financial industry cluster development, accelerating financial capital flows, integrating financial industry resources and markets, promoting the optimal allocation of social resources and the effectiveness of allocation of financial resources, avoiding vicious competition, Chinese regional financial center can achieve its goals to promote economic and social development.
[1] Kindleberger C P. The Formation of Financial Centers: A Study in Comparative Economic History. Princeton: Princeton university press,1974.
[2] Park Y S, Essayyad Musa . International Banking and Financial Centers. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publisher, 1989.
[3] 刘国宏. 中国区域金融中心综合评价研究. 开放导报, 2011, (3): 40-44. [Liu Guohong. An overview of appraisal of regional financial centers in China. China Opening Journal, 2011, (3): 40-44.]
[4] 杨云.金融服务业集聚因素分析: 基于31 个省市面板数据.中国商界, 2009, (12): 165-166. [Yang Yun. The financial services industry agglomeration factors analysis: Based on the panel data of 31 provinces. Business China, 2009, (12): 165-166.]
[5] 张云, 孙力军. 现代服务业集群发展:金融企业集聚与金融信用活动: 以上海市为例. 经济经纬, 2009, (2): 129-131.[Zhang Yun, Sun Lijun. Cluster development of modern service industry: Financial enterprise convergence and financial credit activities: Taking shanghai as an example. Economic Survey, 2009, (2): 129-131.]
[6] 张志元, 季伟杰. 中国省域金融产业集聚影响因素的空间计量分析. 广东金融学院学报, 2009, 24(1): 107-117.[Zhang Zhiyuan, Ji Weijie. Influencing factors of China's provincial financial industry clusters with spatial econometric analysis. The Journal of Guangdong University of Finance, 2009, 24(1): 107-117.]
[7] 张慧文. 我国三大经济圈金融服务业集群竞争力研究. 管理世界, 2010, (6): 173-174. [Zhang Huiwen. A case study on the evaluation of the competitiveness of the financial service groups in China's three big economic circles. ManagementWorld, 2010, (6): 173-174.]
[8] 任英华, 徐玲, 游万海. 金融集聚影响因素空间计量模型及其应用. 数量经济技术经济研究, 2010, 27(5): 104-115.[Ren Yinghua, Xu Ling, You Wanhai. A spatial econometric model and its application on the factors of financial industry agglomeration. The Journal of Quantitative & Technical Economics, 2010, 27(5): 104-115.]
[9] 安子铮, 安子祎. 金融辐射力与金融中心层级实证研究. 金融发展研究, 2008, (10): 41-44. [An Zizheng, An Ziyi. Empirical research on financial radiation ability and financial center level. Journal of Financial Development Research, 2008, (10): 41-44.]
[10] 张辉, 朱光楠, 冯中越. 北京金融服务业辐射力实证研究. 北京行政学院学报, 2010, (3): 69-72. [Zhang Hui, Zhu Guangnan, Feng Zhongyue. An empirical study of the influence of beijing's financial services industry. Journal of Beijing Administrative College, 2010, (3): 69-72.]
[11] 王海江, 苗长虹. 我国中心城市对外服务能力的空间格局. 地理研究, 2009, 28 (4): 957-967. [Wang Haijiang, Miao Changhong. Spatial distribution of external service capabilities of Chinese central cities. Geographical Research, 2009, 28(4): 957-967.]
[12] 宋伟, 李秀伟, 修春亮. 基于航空客流的中国城市层级结构分析. 地理研究, 2008, 27 (4): 917-926. [Song Wei, Li Xiuwei, Xiu Chunliang. Patterns of spatial interaction and hierarchical structure of Chinese cities based on intercity air passenger flows. Geographical Research, 2008, 27(4): 917-926.]
[13] 余凌曲. CDI中国金融中心指数(CDI CFCI)报告(第三期). 北京: 中国经济出版社, 2011. [Yu Lingqu. China's Financial Center Index(CDI CFCI 3). Beijing: China Economic Press, 2011.]
[14] 钱明辉, 胡日东. 构建区域性金融服务中心能力的研究. 经济地理, 2013, 33(4): 101-106. [Qian Minghui, Hu Ridong. Research on the ability of the establishment of regional financial service center. Economic Geography, 2013, 33(4): 101-106.]
[15] 林彰平, 闫小培, 方远平. 东莞市金融服务业分散化空间格局: 企业金融服务消费行为视角. 地理研究, 2007, 26(1): 168-178. [Lin Zhangping, Yan Xiaopei, Fang Yuanping. The decentralized spatial pattern of the financial service industry in Dongguan: A perspective of consumer behavior of enterprises' financial services. Geographical Research, 2007, 26 (1): 168-178.]
[16] 林伯强, 黄光晓. 梯度发展模式下中国区域碳排放的演化趋势: 基于空间分析的视角. 金融研究, 2011, (12): 35-46.[Lin Boqiang, Huang Guangxiao. The regional carbon emission trend within the framework of China's tiered development model: An analysis from a spatial perspective. Journal of Financial Research, 2011, (12): 35-46.]
[17] Anselin L , Florax R. Small Sample Properties of Tests for Spatial Dependence in Regression Models. New Directions in Spatial Econometrics. Berlin: Springer, 1995: 21-74.
[18] Paul Krugman. Increasing returns and economic geography. Journal of Political Economy, 1989, 99: 483-499.
[19] Avinash K Dixit, Joseph E, Stiglitz, et al. Monopolistic competition and optimum product diversity. The American Economic Review, 1977, 67: 297-308.
