滇池流域宝象河水库沉积物中有机碳的来源
作者简介:秦俊(1988- ),女,黑龙江海林人,硕士,主要从事流域土壤侵蚀产沙对环境的影响研究。E-mail:qinjun19880816@163.com
收稿日期: 2014-05-05
要求修回日期: 2014-10-11
网络出版日期: 2015-01-10
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41030751,41273102,41273103)
江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划(CXZZ13_0395)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目
Sources of organic matter in the sediments of Baoxiang river reservoir, Dianchi watershed
Received date: 2014-05-05
Request revised date: 2014-10-11
Online published: 2015-01-10
Copyright
通过对滇池流域宝象河水库沉积物TOC、TN、C/N、δ13C及粒度等指标的测定,分析了沉积物中有机碳的主要来源及其变化趋势。结果表明:水体中不同位置沉积物有机碳来源并不相同,距三岔河入库河口相对较近的沉积柱芯A中C/N比值介于2.93~11.73,δ13C值介于 -23.66‰~-21.78‰,有机碳主要来源于水生生物,陆源输入贡献较小,有机碳含量受粒径大小影响显著;距三岔河入库河口相对较远的沉积柱芯B中,其TOC和TN含量较高,分别介于14.62~24.93 g・kg-1和2.11~3.3 g・kg-1,δ13C值变化范围为-28.36‰~-26.36‰,粒度以黏土和细粉砂为主,有机碳主要来源于水库周边陆源输入,受人类活动影响强烈。
秦俊 , 杨浩 , 张明礼 , 谢标 , 李婧 , 孙盼盼 , 王延华 . 滇池流域宝象河水库沉积物中有机碳的来源[J]. 地理研究, 2015 , 34(1) : 53 -64 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201501005
Baoxiang river reservoir, a semi-natural water body, is characteristised by eutrophication, which is significantly harmful to regional human health and sustainable development. The sediments are sources and sinks of nutrients. In addition to providing important habitats for aquatic organisms, sediments play a significant role in determining the overall environmental quality of a watershed. Organic carbon in sediments plays an important role in release and transformation of aquatic pollutants, which is one of the main causes of eutrophication. In this study, profiles of TOC, C/N ratio, δ13C and grain sizes in the sediments of Baoxiang river reservoir, Dianchi watershed were used to demonstrate the sources and change of sedimentary organic matter and explore reservoir eutrophication sensitivity to human activities. Considering the characteristics of topography and human activities of the study area, with the help of GPS (Global Positioning System), two reservoir bottom sediments (A and B) profiles were collected during dry period. Our results showed that the sources of sedimentary organic matter were different in the different sampling locations. C/N ratios in the sediment A varied from 2.93 to 11.73, with bulk δ13C (‰) values ranging from -23.66‰ to -21.78‰. This indicated that organic matters mainly from aquatic organisms and terrestrial input contributed little to the sedimentary organic matters. The concentrations of organic matters were influenced significantly by the grain sizes. The concentrations of sedimentary organic matters and total nitrogen in the sediment B varied from 14.62 to 24.93 g・kg-1, and 2.11 to 3.3 g・kg-1, respectively, higher than that of the sediment A, and with bulk δ13C (‰) values of -28.36‰ to -26.36‰. The grain sizes were mainly composed of clay and silt. This demonstrated that organic matters in the sediment B came mainly from terrestrial input, which is an indication of the main effect of human activities, not the sediment grain size. Based on the volume percentage of sediment in each size fraction, we found that grain size in the sediment A is classified as thick, indicating poor sorting and strong water movement. The sediment B is characteristized with fine particles, with clay and fine sand as the main components and low water flow. Correlation analysis between sediment grain size and organic carbon contents showed that they were highly correlated in the sediment A. Synchronous change was found in mean sediment grain size and precipitation.
Key words: TOC; TN; C/N ratio; δ13C; sediment grain size; Baoxiang river
Fig. 1 Location of the Baoxiang river reservior, Dianchi watershed图1 滇池宝象河水库位置示意图 |
Fig. 2 Distribution of sampling points in Baoxiang river reservior图2 宝象河水库采样点分布图 |
Fig. 3 Vertical distribution of TOC, TN, C/N and δ13C (‰) in the sediment A in Baoxiang river reservior图3 宝象河水库沉积柱芯A剖面TOC、TN、C/N、δ13C(‰)的垂直分布图 |
Fig. 4 Vertical distribution of TOC, TN, C/N and δ13C (‰) in the sediment B in Baoxiang river reservior图4 宝象河水库沉积柱芯B剖面TOC、TN、C/N、δ13C(‰)的垂直分布图 |
Tab. 1 Relationship between δ13C, total organic carbon contents and C/N ratio in Baoxiang river reservior表1 宝象河水库沉积柱芯中δ13C与TOC和C/N之间的相关性 |
| 项目 | 沉积柱芯A | 沉积柱芯B | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| δ13C (‰) | TOC(g・kg-1) | C/N | δ13C (‰) | TOC(g・kg-1) | C/N | ||
| δ13C (‰) | 1 | 1 | |||||
| TOC(g・kg-1) | 0.002 | 1 | 0.779** | 1 | |||
| C/N | 0.127 | 0.722** | 1 | 0.164 | 0.391* | 1 | |
注:**在0.01水平(双侧)上显著相关;*在0.05水平(双侧)上显著相关。 |
Fig. 5 The percentage of particle size in the sediment A in Baoxiang river reservior图5 宝象河水库沉积柱芯A粒度组分百分含量分布图 |
Fig. 6 The percentage of particle size in the sediment B in Baoxiang river reservior图6 宝象河水库沉积柱芯B粒度组分百分含量分布图 |
Fig. 7 Variation of annual precipitation, summer precipitation and 24 hour rainstorm from 1958 to 2010 in Kunming city图7 1958-2010年昆明市年降雨量、夏季降雨量和24小时暴雨量变化示意图 |
Fig. 8 Variation of average particle size by the time in the sediments A and B in Baoxiang river reservior图8 宝象河水库沉积柱芯A、B平均粒径随时间的变化 |
Fig. 9 Correlation analysis of clay, fine sand, coarse silt and sand with TOC content in the sediment A in Baoxiang river reservior图9 宝象河水库沉积柱芯A中黏土、细粉砂、粗粉砂、砂含量和TOC含量的相关分析 |
Fig. 10 Correlation analysis of clay, fine sand, coarse silt and sand with TOC content in the sediment B in Baoxiang river reservior图10 宝象河水库沉积柱芯B中黏土、细粉砂、粗粉砂、砂含量和TOC含量的相关分析 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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