西方创新地理研究评述
作者简介:邓羽(1985- ),男,湖北恩施人,博士,助理研究员,从事城市与社会地理研究。E-mail:rain00788@163.com
收稿日期: 2016-05-06
要求修回日期: 2016-08-19
网络出版日期: 2016-11-24
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41401128,41371147)
教育部人文社会科学项目(14YJC790098)
中国博士后科学基金项目(137596)
The progress and prospect of innovation geographyresearch in the West
Received date: 2016-05-06
Request revised date: 2016-08-19
Online published: 2016-11-24
Copyright
创新是区域经济发展的重要驱动力,创新地理研究得到了西方地理学界的重视。追溯西方创新地理研究的发展历程:从创新的空间特征描述,经区域创新集聚机制探索,到跨区域知识传播和创新网络演化机理的研究;系统梳理了20世纪90年代以来西方创新地理研究的代表人物、空间尺度、研究内容、主要观点和研究方法。研究发现:西方创新地理研究存在以下缺憾:重视创新组织,忽略了创新个体和组织之间的互动关系研究;重视理论反思,缺乏对实证研究的重视和方法的突破;欧美研究占绝对主流,缺乏基于发展中国家实证的反思。因此,未来应围绕着创新主体,运用定量和定性相结合的研究方法,建立基于中国等发展中国家实践的新型创新地理研究框架。
邓羽 , 司月芳 . 西方创新地理研究评述[J]. 地理研究, 2016 , 35(11) : 2041 -2052 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201611004
Innovation rather than land, capital and other factors becomes the new driver of economic development. In recent 35 years, researchers have made fundamental contributions to the understanding of the innovation process by exploring the location of R&D centers, the geography of high-technology industries, the diffusion of knowledge, etc. This paper systematically examines the history of the Western research on innovation geography, by summarizing the main researchers and their analyzing spatial scale, methodology and main findings every 5 years from 1991 to 2015. From 1991 to 1995, researchers mainly illustrated the geographical features of innovation activities as concentration in places. From 1996 to 2000, researchers explored the dynamics of innovation agglomeration, by focusing on the role of institutions. The period of 2001 to 2005 witnessed the booming of innovation geography research, especially the role of distant knowledge and global pipeline. From 2006 on, the evolutionary turn took the innovation geography research into the study of innovation network description and exploration. In summary, the Western innovation geography research has endured a dynamical development in the last 35 years; however, it has three shortcomings: neglecting the relationship between individuals and the organization, under-development of methodology, and thinking little of innovation policies and practices in developing economies. Therefore, we propose three fields to be studied to develop a new theoretical framework based on the developing economies: (1) the role of individual and organization as innovators; (2) the combination of quantitative and qualitative research; and (3) the innovation characters of developing economies.
Fig. 1 Annual trend of articles of innovation geography research during 1991-2015图1 1991-2015年创新地理研究文章篇数 |
Tab. 1 Top 10 journals which publish mostinnovation geography articles during 1991-2015表1 1991-2015年创新地理研究论文主要发表刊物 |
| 排序 | 期刊名称 | 篇数 | 比例(%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Regional Studies | 141 | 8.65 |
| 2 | European Planning Studies | 107 | 6.56 |
| 3 | Journal of Economic Geography | 88 | 5.40 |
| 4 | Environment and Planning A | 68 | 4.17 |
| 5 | Research Policy | 53 | 3.25 |
| 6 | Economic Geography | 48 | 2.95 |
| 7 | Urban Studies | 38 | 2.33 |
| 8 | Geoforum | 37 | 2.27 |
| 9 | Annals of Regional Science | 37 | 2.27 |
| 10 | Tijdschrift voor Econimishe En Sociale Geografie | 32 | 1.94 |
Fig. 2 The countries of innovation geography researchers during 1991-2015图2 1991-2015年作者所在国家分布图 |
Fig. 3 The keywords evolution of innovation geography research during 1991-2015图3 1991-2015年西方创新地理研究的关键词演化图 |
Fig. 4 The co-citing articles networks of innovation geography research during 1991-2015图4 1991-2015年西方创新地理研究共同引用关系图 |
Fig. 5 The co-citing articles networks of innovationgeography research during 1991-1995图5 1991-1995年创新地理研究网络示意图 |
Fig. 6 The co-citing articles networks of innovation geography research during 1996-2000图6 1996-2000年创新地理研究网络示意图 |
Fig. 7 The co-citing articles networks of innovation geography research during 2001-2005图7 2001-2005年创新地理研究网络示意图 |
Fig. 8 The co-citing articles networks of innovation geography research during 2006-2015图8 2006-2015年创新地理研究网络示意图 |
Tab. 2 The characteristics of western innovation research every five years during 1991-2015表2 西方创新地理研究各阶段特征 |
| 时间 | 代表人物 | 空间尺度 | 研究内容 | 主要观点 | 研究方法 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991-1995 | Audretsch D B, Feldman M P | 国家、区域 | 创新的空间分布特征 | 创新存在着地理差异 | Gini系数等传统定量方法 |
| 1996-2000 | Morgan K, Storper M, Markusen A | 地方、城市—区域 | 学习区域、产业集群等制度厚度与区域创新 | 缄默知识的本地传播是区域创新集聚的原因 | 企业访谈 |
| 2001-2005 | Gertler M S, Bathelt H, Storper M | 地方、全球 | 全球通道与本地蜂鸣 | 全球通道可向地方输入远方知识,促进创新 | 企业访谈 |
| 2006-2015 | Boschma R A, Frenken K, Ter Wal A | 地方、区域和全球 | 创新网络的演化 | 路径依赖和多样性影响创新演化 | 社会网络分析 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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