基于城乡转型功能分区的京津冀乡村振兴模式探析
作者简介:杨园园(1988-),女,河南洛阳人,副研究员,主要从事土地利用与乡村发展研究。E-mail:yangyy@igsnrr.ac.cn
收稿日期: 2018-09-02
要求修回日期: 2019-01-31
网络出版日期: 2019-03-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41601173;41471143)
国家自然科学基金重点项目(41731286)
全球乡村计划-中国乡村振兴研究(GRP-CRV)
Rural revitalization mode in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei from the perspective of urban-rural transformation functional zoning
Received date: 2018-09-02
Request revised date: 2019-01-31
Online published: 2019-03-20
Copyright
乡村振兴战略是我国现代乡村发展理论与实践的创新,核心在于破解乡村地域系统的“五化”问题。乡村振兴的模式及路径探究是乡村振兴的重要研究内容。我国乡村地域辽阔、类型差异万千,因此乡村振兴发展策略的制定必须充分考虑到区域的差异化特征,并在乡村分区、分类的基础上开展乡村振兴模式的探索。本文以京津冀地区为研究范围,从“人口-土地-产业”视角构建城乡转型评价指标体系,根据城乡转型的发展轨迹进行功能分区,并基于分区进行乡村振兴典型模式的梳理,以期形成区域发展样板,为京津冀乡村振兴提供理论参考,并为其他地区乡村振兴模式的梳理提供研究思路和技术支撑。
杨园园 , 臧玉珠 , 李进涛 . 基于城乡转型功能分区的京津冀乡村振兴模式探析[J]. 地理研究, 2019 , 38(3) : 684 -698 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj020180909
Rural Revitalization Strategy is a major innovation in the theory and practice of modern rural development which aims to solve China’s rural “five trends” (i.e., five major problems). These are: the rapid non-agricultural conversion of agricultural production factors, the excessively fast aging and weakening of agricultural social subjects, the increasing empty-disuse of village construction land, the severe pollution and damage of rural water-soil environment, and the deep impoverishment of poverty-stricken rural areas. Rural revitalization mode and path analysis is an important research content. Due to the variety of China’s rural types, it is necessary to make rural development strategy and summarize the mode of rural revitalization on the basis of zoning and classifying the characteristics of different regions. In this context, this research firstly measures the urban-rural transformation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from the population-land-industry perspective based on space analytic geometry, and then develops different functional zones by using trajectory analysis method. Then modes of rural revitalization are summarized for each functional zone to provide theoretical reference for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region’s rural revitalization. The results are as follows: (1) This study area is divided into four functional zones according to the characteristics of urban-rural transformation, i.e., dominant transition area, key transition area, potential transition area and restricted transition area. (2) The rural revitalization modes in the dominant transition area mainly include pulling mode of rural tourism in suburban areas and development mode of multifunctional agriculture in suburbs; the ones in the key transition area mainly include rural e-commerce driving mode, land consolidation driving mode and pastoral complex development mode; the ones in the potential transition area mainly include industrial enterprises driving mode, agricultural industrialization driving mode and eco-cultural tourism development mode; the ones in the restricted transition area mainly include development model of characteristic ecological agriculture and “Relocation+” mode. (3) It is the focus and difficulty to explore the path of rural revitalization for the further research. It is important to form an evaluation scale of rural development by constructing a series of indicator systems and then to calculate the rural revitalization degree to clarify the status and potential of the villages. We hope these findings could provide research ideas and technical support for exploring the rural revitalization modes in China’s other regions.
Fig. 1 Administrative map of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region图1 京津冀行政区划 |
Fig. 2 The three-dimensional space built by three states of regional subsystems图2 由区域子系统的状态构建的三维空间 |
Tab. 1 Three subsystems of urban-rural system表1 城乡系统的子系统构成 |
| 子系统 | 指标 | 定义 | 计算公式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 人口 | 人口城镇化率(Pi) | 城镇常住人口占区域常住总人口的比重 | |
| 土地 | 土地城镇化率(Li) | 城镇用地和工矿用地占建设用地总面积的比重 | |
| 产业 | 产业非农化率(Ii) | 第二、三产业生产总值占总GDP比重 |
注:表1公式中,i指评价单元(县/区);Pi指区域i的人口城镇化率;UPi指区域i的城镇常住人口;TPi指区域i的常住总人口;Li指区域i的土地城镇化率;LUi指区域i的城镇用地面积;LRi指区域i的农村居民点用地面积;LIi指区域i的工矿、仓储等其他建设用地面积;Ii指区域i的产业非农化率;SGDPi指区域i的第二产业增加值;TGDPi指区域i的第三产业增加值;GDPi指区域i的国内生产总值(GDP)。 |
Tab. 2 Proxy index system for evaluating urban-rural transformation表2 评价指标体系表 |
| 评价指标 | 指标含义 | 计算公式 |
|---|---|---|
| 转型耦合度(TCD) | 累计值 | |
| 协调偏离度(CDD) | 偏离度 | |
| 协调转型度(CTD) | 综合度 |
2.3.2 轨迹分析法 时间序列上的变化轨迹可用数字或字母的轨迹代码表示[16]。一般而言,数字代码在ArcGIS软件中便于操作与计算,本文采用数字代码表示城乡转型的轨迹路线。本文根据协调转型度(CTD)的大小,将城乡转型划分为4类,分别为低水平类型、中等水平类型、较高水平类型和高水平类型。则数字1~4分别代表轨迹分析中每个时间点城乡转型类型Ⅰ~Ⅳ。各空间单元的城乡转型变化轨迹代码计算公式为: |
Fig. 3 Spatio-temporal patterns of urban-rural transformation in the study area图3 京津冀地区城乡转型时空分布 |
Fig. 4 Function partition of urban-rural transformation图4 京津冀地区城乡转型功能分区 |
Fig. 5 Development mode of suburban multifunctional agriculture图5 城郊多功能农业发展模式 |
Fig. 6 Rural tourism pulling mode in suburban area图6 都市近郊乡村旅游拉动模式 |
Fig. 7 Assistant mode of rural e-commerce图7 农村电商助力模式 |
Fig. 8 Driving Mode of land consolidation图8 土地整治带动模式 |
Fig. 9 Rural complex development mode图9 田园综合体发展模式 |
Fig. 10 Development mode of ecological agriculture图10 特色生态农业发展模式 |
Fig. 11 Community-based development mode with relocation图11 易地搬迁社区集中化发展模式 |
Fig. 12 Road map of rural revitalization图12 乡村振兴路径 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
| [1] |
[
|
| [2] |
[
|
| [3] |
[
|
| [4] |
[
|
| [5] |
[
|
| [6] |
[
|
| [7] |
[
|
| [8] |
|
| [9] |
[
|
| [10] |
[
|
| [11] |
[
|
| [12] |
[
|
| [13] |
|
| [14] |
|
| [15] |
|
| [16] |
|
| [17] |
[
|
| [18] |
[
|
| [19] |
[
|
| [20] |
[
|
| [21] |
[
|
| [22] |
[
|
| [23] |
[
|
| [24] |
[
|
| [25] |
[
|
| [26] |
[
|
| [27] |
[
|
| [28] |
[
|
| [29] |
[
|
| [30] |
[
|
| [31] |
[
|
| [32] |
[
|
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |