城市犯罪空间盲区的综合治理研究
收稿日期: 2009-01-07
修回日期: 2009-07-23
网络出版日期: 2010-01-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(40771065)
Study on the comprehensive treatment of spatial blind areas in urban crime
Received date: 2009-01-07
Revised date: 2009-07-23
Online published: 2010-01-20
综合治理城市犯罪的空间盲区,是解决城市犯罪问题的有效途径,其研究为城市规划、建设和管理有利于预防和控制犯罪,提供了新的理念与方法,为犯罪地理学和城市地理学开辟了一个新的研究领域。根据空间盲区的形态、性质和对犯罪的影响,将城市犯罪的空间盲区划分为公共、非公共、边际、移动和虚拟空间等5种类型。在述评国外城市犯罪空间研究进展的基础上,构建了城市犯罪空间盲区综合治理的理论平台,论证了空间盲区综合治理的不可替代性,提出了综合治理的基础理论要点和应用理论要点。空间盲区的形成有一系列深刻的空间区位因素,其综合治理研究应有明确的研究目标和方向,核心研究内容为5类空间盲区综合治理的途径、实施方案和措施。还提出了综合治理研究的思路、方法和关键技术。
王发曾 . 城市犯罪空间盲区的综合治理研究[J]. 地理研究, 2010 , 29(1) : 57 -67 . DOI: 10.11821/yj2010010006
The comprehensive treatment of spatial blind areas in urban crime is a fundamental effective way to solve the urban crime problem. Its research provides new ideas and methods for the anti-crime in urban planning, construction and management, opens a new research area for crime geography and urban geography. According to the existence shape and the difference of the influence to urban crime, the city crime spatial blind areas may be divided into 5 kinds, public, private, marginal, moving and virtual spatial blind area. In the foundation of the summary and commentary on the spatial research of overseas city crime, the paper constructs a theory platform for the study on the comprehensive treatment of spatial blind areas in urban crime, expounds and proves the non-interchangeability of the comprehensive treatment of spatial blind areas in urban crime, proposes basic theory main points and application theory main points for the comprehensive treatment. The formation of spatial blind areas in urban crime has a series of profound spatial position factors, the comprehensive treatment research should have the explicit research aim and directions, scientific technical route, method and key technologies. The paper's main conclusions are: First, the positive spatial anti-crime is able to put spatial blind areas under the effective government, and the urban crime problem can be under the effective control overall. Second, the theory of the spatial anti-crime is the theory premise and foundation for the comprehensive treatment of the spatial blind areas, and even the essential theory platform for the study on the comprehensive treatment. This theory contains 3 basic theory main points and 3 application theory main points. Third, the comprehensive treatment of spatial blind areas in urban crime is an effective way to create the defensible space for cities, which is guided by the theory of the spatial anti-crime. The study on the comprehensive treatment is an important scientific sphere with theoretical and practical significance, and its core research content is the public order way, implementation plan and measure for the comprehensive treatment of spatial blind areas in urban crime.
Key words： crime geography; spatial blind area; comprehensive treatment; city
[1] 伊藤滋(日).城市与犯罪.夏金池译.北京:群众出版社,1988,25~48.
[2] 王发曾.城市犯罪分析与空间防控.北京:群众出版社,2003,156~189.
[3] Herbert D T. The Geography of Urban Crime. London: Longman, 1982,5~134.
[4] Oscar N. Defensible Space. New York: Macmillan, 1972,1~104.
[5] Crowe T D. Crime Prevention Through Environ-Mental Design: Applications of Architectural Design and Space Management Concepts. London: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1991,167~205.
[6] Oscar N. Creating Defensible Space. Washington DC: Dept. of Housing and Urban Development,1996,1~89.
[7] Saville G. 2ndGeneration CPTED: anan-tidote to the social Y2 Kvirus of urban design. International CPTED Association Conference, Washington DC,1998.
[8] 刘成.可防卫空间理论与犯罪防预性环境设计.华中科技大学学报,2004,21(4):88~91.
[9] 周东平.犯罪学新论.厦门:厦门大学出版社,2004,169~220.
[10] 曹立群,周愫娴.犯罪学理论与实证.北京:群众出版社,2007,64~74.
[11] Brantingham P L(eds). Environmental Criminology. Prospect Heights, Illinois: Waveland Press, 1991,57~129.
[12] 祝晓光.城市犯罪之地域差异性.见:吴传钧.人文地理学研究.南京:江苏教育出版社,1989,318~326.
[13] 王发曾.国外城市犯罪的地理研究.人文地理,1988,3(2):76~82.
[14] 杜德斌.加拿大埃得蒙顿市犯罪问题的地理研究.地理研究,1998,17(4):415~422.
[15] 杜德斌,汤建中.城市犯罪区位选择的数学模拟.地理科学,1995,14(3):26~32.
[16] 孙峰华,魏晓.犯罪地理学研究的新进展.人文地理,2004,19(1):60~63.
[17] Heimer K. In search of criminological tradition: The development of criminology in Taiwan. Crime, Law and Social Change,2005,44(3):215~250.
[18] 王发曾.城市犯罪成因的综合观.河南大学学报(自然科学版),1997,27(1):39~46.
[19] 于静.城市空间环境与城市犯罪.兰州大学学报(社会科学版),2008,36(3):116~122.
[20] 郑列,王瑞山.社会转型时期治安防控体系的思考.犯罪研究,2005,(5):20~25.
[21] 孙斌.城市公共安全管理体系研究.北京人民警察学院学报,2008,(1):31~34.
[22] 戴慎志,江毅,罗晓霞,等.城市住区空间安全防卫规划与设计.规划师,2002,18(2):37~40.
[23] 徐磊青.社区安全与环境设计—在可防卫空间之后.同济大学学报,2002,13(1):34~39.
[24] 廖斌,何显兵.社区建设与犯罪防控.北京:人民法院出版社,2003,157~199.
[25] 王发曾.城市建筑空间设计的犯罪防控效应.地理研究,2006,25(4):681~690.
[26] DeLone G J.Public housing and the fear of crime.Journal of Criminal Justice, 2008, 36(2):115~125.
[27] 刘玉,冯健,等.快速城市化背景下城乡结合部发展特征与机制——以北京海淀区为例.地理研究,2009,28(2):499~410.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |