基于决策树法的北京城市居民通勤距离模式挖掘
收稿日期: 2009-04-07
修回日期: 2009-08-26
网络出版日期: 2009-11-25
基金资助
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40601030)
Data mining on commuting distance mode of urban residents based on the analysis of decision tree
Received date: 2009-04-07
Revised date: 2009-08-26
Online published: 2009-11-25
Supported by
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40601030)
以问卷调查数据为基础,引进决策树分析方法,讨论了北京市城市居民通勤距离模式。研究发现:第一,在设定的修剪纯度下,北京城市居民通勤距离远近与出行工具、居住地变更、职业、居住地就业率、最小孩子求学状况、住房面积、家庭月收入、机动车利用状况密切相关;第二,在影响城市居民通勤距离的变量中,出行工具变量的重要性最大,其次是住房面积变量、最小孩子求学变量,再次为居住地变更变量、职业变量,家庭月收入变量为第四等级,机动车使用变量和本地就业率为第五等级。第三,因住房产权复杂性、迁居原因的多样性、被动郊区化以及生产、育儿福利及家庭内部事务分工等因素的影响,住房面积、迁居史、家庭生命周期、职业与通勤距离的关系与国内已有结论相悖,部分变量因子对短距离通勤具有决定性影响,部分变量对于长距离通勤有决定性影响。
王茂军, 宋国庆, 许 洁 . 基于决策树法的北京城市居民通勤距离模式挖掘[J]. 地理研究, 2009 , 28(6) : 1516 -1527 . DOI: 10.11821/yj2009060008
With the development of suburbanization, urban residents now have more choices in jobs and housing locations. Nowadays, scholars increasingly pay attention to the studies on citizens' commuting mode. The analysis of commuting space characteristics belongs to the study of geography. Based on questionnaire survey, this paper first makes a descriptive analysis of people's commuting variables, distances, and directions. Then it discusses the commuters of Beijing by decision tree analysis and data mining. Conclusions are obtained as follows: First, under the fixed pruning severity, people's commuting distance is related to their traveling vehicles, resident locations, jobs, youngest child's education conditions, living space, family incomes, usage of cars, and employment rate on local areas. Factors such as gender, educational level, marital status, housing property are not involved in the mode. Second, our study of the relations between the eight variables and commuting distance is different from some foreign studies. Some of these variables are decisive to long-distance commuters while others are decisive to short-distance commuters. Since the housing property has various types such as commercial housing, affordable housing, leasing of public housing and so on, the housing space does not have obvious effect on long-distance or short-distance commuters. Among all the reasons, migrating is not the main cause of shortening the commuting distance. Those who do not migrate have longer commuting distance because they work in suburban areas. The family life cycle with children in kindergartens or primary schools is not a key factor in shortening the commuting distance as the situation in western countries, because there are boarding nursery kindergartens, welfare on giving birth and nursing, which is different from China. Also, wage earners and specialists are not the key factors effecting commuting distance, because of the passive suburbanization in Beijing.
Key words： commuting distance; decision tree; decision rules; Beijing
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