虚拟旅游系统是利用三维GIS、虚拟现实与网络等技术构建的面向旅游业的网络虚拟现实系统平台。在整个虚拟旅游系统构建中,最基础也是最重要的部分是虚拟旅游景观的实现,它关系着虚拟景观的展示效果、显示速度以及空间分析、情景模拟等各项功能的实现。本文基于虚拟旅游景观的特点及实现难点,使用ArcGIS和3DSMax分别建立具有不同形态特征的虚拟地面模型和虚拟地物模型,将所有模型转换为VRML文件格式并进行优化,不仅有效融合了虚拟地面模型和虚拟地物模型,并且兼顾了模型的逼真度和显示速度。本文提出了一套虚拟旅游景观的设计方案、关键技术,并通过圆明园遗址公园虚拟旅游景观的实现,验证了其可行性。本研究对于虚拟旅游的发展具有积极的参考意义,对于我国众多旅游景区虚拟旅游系统的研发具有技术的应用性和可推广性。

Virtual tour is designed based on the virtual reality technique platform, Internet or other vehicles. The travel landscape is dynamic and vividly presented in front of tourists. Tourists may choose tour route and view speed and viewpoints by themselves. Virtual tour will play an important role in propagandizing, protecting and reproducing scenes and decision-making support. Currently, virtual tour system on the development of research methods are more broadly grouped into four categories: 3D panorama, VRML/X3D language programming methods (such as DirextX, OpenGL), Web3D business software. These methods achieve results, ease of extent and scope of preferences for different applications, each with merits and demerits. Virtual tourist attractions are composed of virtual ground model and the virtual features model. The virtual ground model has geographical features, only located in the virtual scene to reality; virtual features model is needed to simulate the reality, allows users to carefully watch from outside to inside. At the same time, virtual tourist landscape is needed to balance fidelity and display speed, which are also the shortcomings and a major technical difficulty of virtual tour. Virtual tour is the tourism-oriented virtual reality platform on network using 3D-GIS, virtual reality and network technologies. Throughout the building of virtual tour system, the most basic and most important part is the realization of virtual tour landscape, which is related to display effect and display speed of the virtual landscape, as well as the realization of spatial analysis, simulation scenarios and the other functions. Based on the characteristics and realization difficulties of virtual tour landscape, the paper separately built virtual ground and virtual features using ArcGIS and 3DSMax, which have different configuration characteristics. All the models were transformed to VRML file format, and the VRML files were optimized through many methods. Which not only effectively fused virtual ground models and virtual features models, but also gave attention to the fidelity and display speed of models. The paper advanced a suit of design program and key technology of virtual tour landscape, and validated it through exploiting virtual tour landscape of Yuanmingyuan Ruins Park. The paper formed research and exploiting methods and technology of virtual tour, which could provide strong support of digital, virtual, high-tech information methods and means.