以我国石油(特指原油)资源流动为研究对象,以我国省级行政单元作为石油资源空间流动的节点,从1985~2007年中选取5个特征时点,借助齐夫定律,研究了我国石油资源输出量和输入量的位序-规模分布特征。结果表明:(1)各特征时点石油输出量和输入量的位序-规模分布均满足齐夫法则。(2)从无标度区范围来看,石油输出量的无标度区范围变化不大,而输入量的无标度区范围呈现出先缩小后又逐年扩大的趋势。(3)从空间分形结构来看,石油输出量的无标度区没有分段,始终呈现为单分形,而输入量则经历了由双分形向单分形的演化。(4)从空间分布形态来看,各特征时点石油输出量均呈帕累托分布模式,而输入量的空间分布形态变动较大,经历了对数正态模式—帕累托模式—对数正态模式—帕累托模式的演变。我国石油输出量和输入量位序-规模分布的不同步变化,与大油田分布、石化产业布局以及石油流通体制等有着密切联系。

This study takes crude oil flow in China as the research subjects, and takes provincial-level administrative units as the nodes of crude oil flow. Meanwhile, selecting five typical years in 1985-2007 as the time points for research and with Zipf law, this paper discusses the rank-size distribution variation of input and output flow of crude oil in China. Some results are obtained as follows. (1) The rank-size distributions of input and output flow is consistent with Zipf law in the five typical years. (2) The non-scaling range of the output flow varies very little, while the one of input flow is narrowed at first and then enlarged gradually. (3) As to the spatial fractal structure, the output flow has no segmentation in its non-scaling range, and appears as a single fractal all along. However, the input flow experiences a process from double fractals to single fractal. (4) There are differences between the spatial distribution pattern of input flow and output flow. The one of input flow changed from lognormal distribution in 1985 to Pareto distribution in 1995, then lognormal distribution again in 1999, and it finally became Pareto distribution in 2003 and 2007. Meanwhile, the spatial distribution pattern of output flow maintains Pareto distribution. (5) Generally, the variations of output flow and input flow are not synchronous, which is closely related to the spatial distribution of huge oil fields, the distribution of petrochemical industries, the oil distribution system and so on in China.