城市群工业发展的生态环境效应——以武汉城市群为例
收稿日期: 2010-01-05
修回日期: 2010-09-28
网络出版日期: 2010-12-20
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(40971101);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重点项目(2006BAJ14B03)
Research on the eco-environment effect of industrial development in city group: A case of Wuhan City Group
Received date: 2010-01-05
Revised date: 2010-09-28
Online published: 2010-12-20
随着城市群生态环境问题和环境对城市群刚性约束作用的日益明显,城市群产业发展对生态环境的影响日渐受到关注。本文从环境影响和资源利用的角度出发,构建工业生态环境影响指数,定量对武汉城市群工业发展的生态环境影响进行综合评价。结果表明: 1997~2006年,武汉城市群经济结构调整战略推动工业结构演变,呈现出轻工业比重下降、重工业比重上升与高新技术产业快速发展的态势;工业生态环境影响指数在时间序列上表现出先下降后上升的趋势,空间上表现为各城市间影响指数分异趋于明显,特别是位于城市群东部的黄石、鄂州、黄冈三市,工业发展对生态环境的影响突出。有鉴于此,本文提出了今后推动武汉城市群"资源节约型和环境友好型社会"建设的思路和建议。
蔺雪芹, 方创琳 . 城市群工业发展的生态环境效应——以武汉城市群为例[J]. 地理研究, 2010 , 29(12) : 2233 -2242 . DOI: 10.11821/yj2010120012
As the eco-environment problem in city group becomes more serious and the eco-environment constraint becomes more obvious, the effect of industrial development on eco-environment is receiving more and more attention. Based on the previous research, taking resources utilization and environment influence as an important factor, the paper constructs the eco-environment influence coefficient of industrial branches and the eco-environment influence index of industrial structure, and quantitatively evaluates the eco-environment effect of industrial development in Wuhan City Group from 1997 to 2006. Results show that: in 1997~2006, the scale of industry in Wuhan City Group expanded continuously, the proportion of light industry dropped and the heavy industry increased, and the high-tech industries developed rapidly. The eco-environment influence index of industrial structure dropped first and rose later. The index in all cities kept increasing except Wuhan city. The index in different cities varied greatly with Tianmen being lowest and Huangshi highest. However, the relative difference was enlarged at first and then narrowed. The spatial differentiation of the eco-environment influence index of industrial structure tended to be apparent, the effect of industrial development on eco-environment were prominent especially in Huangshi, Ezhou and Huanggang. The industrial growth in cities presented an unsustainable development pattern except Wuhan City. Accordingly, the paper presents the proposals to promote resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction in Wuhan City Group, including strictly controlling the development of high energy consumption or heavy pollution industry, widely applying advanced technologies to upgrade traditional industries, extending the industry chain and making great effort to develop circular economy.
[1] Seppala J, Melanen M, Joutijarvi T, et al. Forest industry and the environment: A life cycle assessment study from Finland. Resource, Conservation and Recycling, 1998, 23:87~105.
[2] 刘芳.畜牧产业发展对环境的影响.农业环境与发展,2000,17(1): 30~33.
[3] Rigina O. Environmental impact assessment of the mining and concentration activities in the Kola Peninsula, russiaby multi-date remote sensing. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2002,75:11~31.
[4] 彭建,蒋一军,吴健生.我国矿山开采的生态环境效应及土地复垦典型技术.地理科学进展,2005,24(2):38~48.
[5] Pravdic V. The chemical industry in the Croatian Adriatic Region: Identification of environmental problems, assessment of pollution risks, and the new policies of sustainability. The Science of the Total Environment, 1995, 171:265~274.
[6] 陈丽晖,何大明.澜沧江-湄公河水电梯级开发的生态影响.地理学报,2000,55(5): 577~586.
[7] 郭广慧,陈同斌,宋波,等.中国公路交通的重金属排放及其对土地污染的初步估算.地理研究,2007,26(5):922~930.
[8] 崔风军,杨德福.旅游开发活动对城市生态环境的影响.城市环境与城市生态,1997,10(4):28~30.
[9] Braat L C, Van Lierop W F J. Economic Ecology Modeling. New York: Elsevier Science Publishing Co., 1987.31~49.
[10] Verhoef E T, Nijkamp P. Externalities in urban sustainability environmental versus localization-type agglomeration externalities in a general spatial equilibrium model of a single-sector monocentric industrial city. Ecological Economics,2002,40:157~179.
[11] Ren W, et al. Urbanization, land use and water quality in Shanghai. Environment International, 2003, 29:649~659.
[12] Zhang H, Wang X, Ho H H, et al. Eco-health evaluation for the Shanghai metropolitan area during the recent industrial transformation (1990~2003).Journal of Environmental Management, 2008,88(4):1047~1055.
[13] 张攀,耿勇,陈超.基于能值分析的产业集聚区生态经济绩效评价研究.管理学报,2008,5(2):243~249.
[14] 徐颂,胡新艳.珠江三角洲产业结构调整与生态环境关系.环境导报,1998,(4):33~34.
[15] 张晓东,池天河.基于区域资源环境容量的产业结构分析——以怀柔县为例.地理科学进展,2000,19(4):366~373.
[16] 彭建,王仰麟,常青.区域产业结构变化及其生态环境效应.地理学报,2005,60(5):798~806.
[17] 马小明,张立勋,戴大军,等.产业结构调整规划的环境影响评价方法及案例.北京大学学报(自然科学版),2003,39(4): 565~571.
[18] 崔凤军,杨永慎.产业结构对城市生态环境的影响评价.中国环境科学,1998,18(2): 166~169.
[19] 毛汉英,高群,冯仁国.三峡库区生态环境约束下的支柱产业选择.地理学报,2002,57(5):553~560.
[20] 方创琳,蔺雪芹.武汉城市群的空间整合与产业合理化组织.地理研究,2007,26(2):397~408.
[21] 方创琳,宋吉涛,蔺雪芹.中国城市群可持续发展理论与实践.北京:科学出版社,2010.75~83.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |