渤海风驱-潮致拉格朗日余流的数值模拟与季相时空变异
收稿日期: 2004-09-02
修回日期: 2005-03-03
网络出版日期: 2005-06-15
基金资助
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40271020);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-207-05);中国科学院知识创新工程领域前沿项目
Numerical simulation on the wind-driven and tide-induced Lagrangian residual circulation and its seasonal spatial-temporal variations in the Bohai Sea
Received date: 2004-09-02
Revised date: 2005-03-03
Online published: 2005-06-15
利用HellermanandRosenstein全球风应力资料中的多年月平均风场资料驱动ECOM模型,设计了潮致、纯风生以及风与潮两者叠加三个数值实验对渤海海域风驱-潮致拉格朗日(Lagrange)余流的逐月时空分布与季节变化进行了模拟。研究结果表明,季风的大小和方向决定了渤海风驱-潮致拉格朗日余流的大小和方向,是影响余流流向和流速的重要因素。冬季,从渤海西岸到莱州湾海域风驱-潮致拉格朗日余流表现出一个大逆时针环流,辽东湾呈现顺时针方向流动,渤海中部存在一个弱的顺时针流环。夏季,整个渤海海域呈现顺时针流况,渤海海盆存在一微弱的逆时针涡旋,一支西南向流沿辽东湾东岸穿越渤海海盆,与起自渤海湾的东向流一起进入莱州湾。风驱-潮致拉格朗日余流主要受风的控制,潮汐则起到一定的调整作用。
关键词： 渤海; 风驱-潮致拉格朗日余流; 数值模拟; 季相变化; 时空变异
李国胜, 王海龙, 李柏良 . 渤海风驱-潮致拉格朗日余流的数值模拟与季相时空变异[J]. 地理研究, 2005 , 24(3) : 359 -370 . DOI: 10.11821/yj2005030004
Though the Bohai Sea hydrodynamic processes have been investigated and researched for a long period, because of its transpositional meteorological forces, its natural environment and the nonlinear interaction within the water column, it is impossible to thoroughly understanding of the hydrodynamic characteristics, especially those related to the sediment transport, i.e., the Lagrangian residual circulation （LRC hereafter） in the Bohai Sea, which is the key hydrodynamic processes we concern. By using the three-dimensional baroclinic model-ECOM, driven by the monthly-mean wind stresses calculated by Helleman and Rosenstein, the general circulation patterns and spatial-temporal variations are simulated, in which, three possible states, i.e., net wind-driven LRC, net tide-induced LRC and the coupling result of the above two factors, are considered. The tide-induced LRC of M2 constituent bears an identical pattern in four seasons in the Bohai Sea: the amplitude of the surface one is weak, and non-directional; however, there exists a southeast current from the Bohai strait to the Laizhou Bay, and a weak anticlockwise gyre in the south of the Bohai strait for the bottom constituent. The amplitude of bottom tide-induced LRC is larger than the surface one, and moreover, it bears a significant contribution in the whole LRC in the Bohai Sea. Unlike the identical structure of the tide-induced LRC, the wind-driven LRC varies seasonally under the controlling wind field. It forms a distinct circulation under the summer and winter monsoons in January and July respectively, but it seems weak and non-directional in April and September. The amplitude and direction of the wind-driven and tide-induced coupling LRCs are controlled by monsoon, which is one of the most significant factors in the Bohai Sea. There exists an anticlockwise gyre from the west coast of the Bohai Sea to the Laizhou Bay, a clockwise gyre within the Liaodong Bay, and a weak clockwise circulation in the middle of the Bohai Sea in winter. And there is a clockwise circulation along the shelf of the Bohai Sea, and an anticlockwise gyre in the Liaodong Bay in summer. Furthermore, the tide-induced LRCs, whose bottom component is the dominant one, plays an important role in local LRCs, especially at the Laotieshan waterway, east of the Liaodong Bay, top of the Bohai Bay and the estuary of Huanghe River.
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