西北干旱区城市化进程受到水资源短缺及其用水结构不合理的双重约束。本文以甘肃河西走廊为例 ,针对河西走廊未来 30年总需水量阈值、经济总量阈值、总人口阈值和城市化水平阈值 ,认为最经济、最节水的城市化发展方针为禁止发展特大城市 ,有选择地培育一个大城市 ,积极发展中小城市 ,科学发展小城镇。据此提出了与水资源约束相适应的西北干旱区河西走廊城市化发展的 6种模式。即 :推行“产业移人”和“环境移民”为主、“人移产业”为辅的城市扩展模式 ;推行“分步到位”为主 ,“一步到位”为辅的城市生态移民模式 ;推行“退一进二”、“退乡进城”的城市用水转换模式 ;推行“节水量城”为主 ,“借水养市”为辅的节水型城市化模式 ;推行“稳粮兴草” ,“稳农强工” ,“活商旺城”的城市产业转换模式 ;推行“一核四极” ,“一轴三带”、“乡镇同兴”的“卅”字型城市空间推进模式

In the process of the great developmental strategy in Western China and urbanization strategy, quickening urbanization course in arid area of Northwest China has great practical meaning to accelerating industrialization course and of ecological course of national economiy in-step; to establishing the affluent society in the round; to absorbing more surplus labors from the country, etc. But the urbanization course in arid area of Northwest China has to face the double restraints of water resource shortage and unreasonable water-use structure. The paper studies the threshold values of gross water requirement, economic amount, total population and urbanization level in the coming 30 years by taking Hexi Corridor as an example. Finally, the paper gets a conclusion that the most economical and water-saving guideline for urbanization should restrict megalopolis development, cultivate a large city suitably and develop medium-sized cities actively and small towns scientifically. Hereby, the paper brings forward 6 urbanization developing models for the cities in Hexi Corridor in the arid area of Northwest China to adapt to the restriction of water resource. That is to actualize urban expanding model and give priority to “man moved for industry” and “farmer moved for environment”, and “industry moved for man” for supplement; actualize urban eco-immigrating model and give priority to “several-steps to the end”, and “one-step to the end” for supplement; actualize urban water-use converting model with “retreating from first, entering second industry” and “retreating from country, entering cities”; actualize water-saving urbanization model and give priority to “saving water and deciding the city's scale”, and “borrowing water to support the city” for supplement; actualize urban industry converting model with “stabilizing grain, prospering grass”, “stabilizing agriculture, prospering industry”, “flourishing commerce, booming the city”; and actualize urban spatial boost model as a Chinese font style of “卅” with “a core with four culminations”,“an axis with three zones”, and “villages and towns booming together”.