“赈济退耕”是目前国家关于黄土丘陵区生态重建的主体措施。本文在总结“赈济退耕”措施及其基本特点的基础上 ,根据土地利用、耕地坡度分级数据和“赈济退耕”现行标准分别计算了黄土丘陵区各县退耕 2 5°和 15°以上坡耕地的面积和政策性补贴资金需求额度。在构建并采用退耕指数和政策性补贴资金密度指数等指标对 5 5个县 (市、区 )进行类型划分的基础上 ,分析了黄土丘陵区生态重建“赈济退耕”规模及政策性补贴地域分异特征

Relieving and de-farming" is identified presently as an important strategic measure for national eco-environmental rehabilitation in the loess hilly-gully region. Based on the issue, the characteristics of relieving and de-farming measure are discussed. The sizes of de-farming slope farmland over 25° and 15° and the quantum of policy allowance of each county are calculated. With the aid of constructed de-farming exponential and policy allowance fund density exponential, 55 counties of the loess hilly-gully region are classified into groups of different levels, and the spatial differentiation characteristics of de-farming sizes and policy allowance are respectively analyzed. It is found out: (1) The area of de-farming slope farmland over 25° is 41.91×10 4hm 2,and the policy allowance is 44.01×10 8yuan(RMB). The area of de-farming slope farmland over 15° is 125.53×10 4hm 2,and the policy allowance is 131.82×10 8yuan. (2) There are two main relieving and de-farming districts in the loess hilly-gully region. The larger district is located in the contiguous areas between Yan, an and Yulin city of northern Shaanxi province, and the smaller one is situated at some counties neighboring on the Liupanshan Mountains in eastern Gansu province and southern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. (3) The process of relieving and de-farming project should be divided into two phases. De-farming slope farmland over 25° should be regarded as the main task of the first phase, and that between 25° and 15° as second phase task. (4) To formulate regional policies on relieving and de-farming as soon as possible and put the limited fund to the two main relieving and de-farming districts