以鄱阳湖1989~2009年10景秋季Landsat-TM影像为基础,对赣江主支口与饶河口交汇处三角洲和赣江南支口两处典型湿地进行了遥感解译,分析三峡工程运行后鄱阳湖典型湿地的演变趋势。结果表明:三峡工程蓄水运行之前,1989~2001年间鄱阳湖湿地草滩迅速蔓延,湿地正向演替趋势明显。距离湖口远近不同的湿地受三峡工程运行影响不同,其中距离湖口较近的赣江主支口与饶河口交汇处三角洲湿地受三峡蓄水运行影响比较显著,湿地演替状态发生明显变化,部分低位芦苇滩地退化为苔草滩地,而由于滩地出露时间提前,苔草滩地仍处于向湖心拓展的状态。距湖口较远的赣江南支三角洲湿地受三峡蓄水运行影响不明显,草洲迅速向湖心蔓延,湿地处于正向演替状态。
余莉, 何隆华, 张 奇, 陈宇炜, 王晓龙
. 三峡工程蓄水运行对鄱阳湖典型湿地植被的影响[J]. 地理研究, 2011
, 30(1)
: 134
-144
.
DOI: 10.11821/yj2011010013
In the paper, the evolution law of the typical wetlands (the wetland near the confluence of Raohe River estuary and main branch estuary of the Ganjiang River, and Ganjiang southern-branch delta wetland) in the Poyang Lake wetland was studied by the classification of the Landsat-TM images during the period from 1991 to 2008. Results showed that the wetlands expanded the main water body of the Poyang Lake obviously. Furthermore the wetland was in a positive succession from 1989 to 2001 before the operation of the Three Gorges Project. With the running of the Three Gorges Project, the effects on the succession of the wetlands were very different depending on the distance from Hukou. The succession of the Raohe River wetland near the Hukou Station was changed, which was obviously affected by the running of the Three Gorges Project. Some of the Carex beach changed into Bulrush beach, and the range of the Carex beach has greatly extended because the time when the wetland was exposed has been moved up. While the Ganjiang middle-branch delta wetland that is far from the Yangtze River had less changed after the operation of the Three Gorges Project and it was in a steady positive succession.
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