水资源供需分析是当前水资源研究领域的热点问题。为了高效节约公园水景用水,本文运用生态环境需水量和最大用水定额计算方法,以北京市朝阳公园为案例区,对其水景的水量配置供需关系进行对比分析,结果显示:在不考虑水体净化和公共用地取水量的情况下,朝阳公园的最大生态环境需水量为193.71万m3,中等生态环境需水量为189.81万m3,最小生态环境需水量为178.11万m3。若公园公共用地取水来源于公园中的水体,则最大环境需水量为404.99万m3,中等环境需水量为401.09万m3,最小环境需水量为389.39万m3。运用最大用水定额模型,得到最大用水定额为390.87万m3,该数值大于最小生态环境需水量389.39万m3。综合比较下,较节水的朝阳公园水景用水量不能超过390.87万m3,该结论可为公园水景水量配置研究提供科学参考。
This paper studies the balance between the water demand and the maximal quota of water consumption of water allocation of Chaoyang Park waterscape in Beijing, by using the computational method of the quantity of eco-water requirement and the maximal quota of water consumption in order to save water efficiently in park waterscape. The result showed that if we do not take account into the quantity of water purification and water consumption of public open space, the maximal, moderate and minimal quantity of eco-water requirement of waterscape was 193.71 million litres, 189.81 million litres and 178.11 million litres, respectively. If water consumption of public open space came from the park waterscape, the maximal, moderate and minimal quantity of eco-water requirement of waterscape was 404.99 million litres, 401.09 million litres and 389.39 million litres, respectively. Applying the maximal quota of water consumption model, the maximal quota of water consumption of waterscape was estimated at 390.87 million litres, which is more than the minimal quantity of eco-water requirement of waterscape, thus the quantity of water saving consumption of Chaoyang Park waterscape would not exceed 390.87 million litres. The result has provided the reference for the water allocation of park waterscape.
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