利用北京市第一、第二次经济普查数据, 以"乡镇\街道"为基本空间单元, 运用因子分析和聚类分析方法研究北京都市区城市功能格局的特征与模式。与2004年相比,2008年北京都市区城市功能格局发生了明显变化。北京都市区城市功能布局呈现郊区化态势:建筑运输与制造功能呈现最明显的郊区化特征,沿主要交通干线向远郊区快速拓展;生产服务功能以及复合功能也呈现出初步的近域郊区化特征。北京都市区城市功能空间分异更加明显:城市中心区专业化于生产服务、公共服务功能;近郊区内沿专业化于复合功能、科教服务功能;近郊区外缘与远郊区专业化于建筑运输与制造功能。北京都市区的功能地域结构也在2004年"两轴两带八区"的基础上有所调整,2008年的功能地域结构更加综合,同心圆、轴向、多核模式均有所体现。
卢明华, 李国平, 孙铁山
. 北京都市区城市功能格局及其变化——基于经济普查数据的分析[J]. 地理研究, 2011
, 30(11)
: 1970
-1982
.
DOI: 10.11821/yj2011110004
Based on the first and second economic unit censuses of Beijing, this paper uses the methods of Factor Analysis and Cluster Analysis to examine the pattern of urban functional distribution of the Beijing metropolitan region. Compared with 2004, the functional distribution changed much in 2008. The findings are as follows. (1) The urban functions were suburbanizing: the suburbanization of construction, transportation and manufacturing function was most significant, and producer services function and comprehensive function was characterized by suburbanization. (2) There were more significant spatial differentiations in the functional distribution of Beijing metropolitan region: the central area was specialized in producer services and public services function; the inner suburbs specialized in comprehensive function, technology and education services function, and the outer suburbs were specialized in construction, transportation and manufacturing function. (3) The functional structure of Beijing metropolitan region changed from "two developmental axes, two functional belts, and eight functional areas" to "two developmental axes, one functional belt, and six functional areas". The two developmental axes were the west-east axis along the Chang'an Avenue and the north-south axis along the traditional central axis. The functional belt associated with construction, transportation and manufacturing was located mainly along the Fifth Ring Road and extended to the outer suburbs along the main transportation line. The functional areas were composed of public services functional area, producer services functional area, technology and education services functional area, public and producer services comprehensive functional area, and manufacturing and technology services comprehensive functional area. This pattern was an synthesis of concentric circle mode, axial mode and polycentric mode.
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