基于铁路客运交通网络把各省会城市抽象为铁路网络中的节点,以2003和2008年省会城市间铁路客运网络的最短旅行时间为度量指标,对我国铁路客运网络的空间可达性及空间格局进行分析,测算各省区间的省际经济联系强度,进而探讨省际间经济联系的空间指向。研究表明:(1)经过第五、六次铁路客运提速,省际可达性获得了显著提升,尤其西部地区提升幅度更大,省际可达性表现出自东部沿海向西北内陆逐渐降低的圈层式空间格局,高于全国平均水平的地区范围在扩展,干线指向性越来越强;(2)各省区对外经济联系总量地域差异突出,东部地带省区的经济联系总量远高于中西部地带省区;(3)地区间经济联系依托京沪、京广以及京哈等主要铁路干线形成了省际联系的主导轴线,并且随着地区经济的发展和铁路网络的大幅度提速,地区经济联系的空间网络格局逐步形成。
Based on the railway passenger transportation network,employing the index of shortest time distance matrix between every two provincial capital cities which are Abstracted nodes in the railway network in 2003 and 2008,the paper analyses the level and spatial pattern of accessibility throughout the country.And then,the distance parameter in the gravity model is modified by the shortest travel time indicator,the strength of interprovincial economic linkage are measured and the spatial orientation are examined on the assumption that the provincial capital cities are the economic barycentre of the whole province.Results are shown as follows.(1) The inter-provincial accessibility level has gained a significant upgrade,especially accessibility promotion in the western provinces is higher than that of the others through the 5th and 6th train-speed network upgradings.But,the disparity of inter-provincial accessibility level is still remarkable throughout the country.The circle-type spatial pattern of the accessibility level that reduces gradually from the eastern coastal provinces to the northwestern provinces has emerged,the scope of the accessibility central zone is expanding,and the primary railway lines are becoming stronger and stronger.(2) The disparity of quantity of economic linkage is remarkable,the quantity of economic linkage in east coastal provinces is much higher than that of the central and western provinces.(3) The predominant axes of inter-provincial economic linkage have formed along the main railway lines from Beijing to Shanghai and from Beijing to Guangzhou.The spatial network pattern of regional economic linkage is forming along with the train-speed upgrading and the promotion of regional economy.The research of inter-provincial accessibility and economic linkage can not only give suggestions to regional economic restructuring,and to the primary spatial orientation of regional economic development,but also provide reference for coordinating inter-provincial economic linkage and cooperation in the process of regional economic integration.
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