可吸入颗粒物是北京市大气主要污染物之一,春秋两季的沙尘天气除部分是由于受到区域气流的影响外,多数情况下是原地污染造成,尤其是冬季采暖期。本文通过遥感技术和地面监测结合的方法,研究采暖期北京市近地面不同粒径可吸入颗粒物时空分布规律及其与影响因素间的相互关系。应用高分辨率遥感影像分析下垫面的变化,应用地面观测仪器收集不同粒径颗粒物的含量,并分析颗粒物的化学组成;应用地理信息系统的空间分析技术,研究颗粒物的分布与下垫面的关系。研究表明,可吸入颗粒物污染分布和下垫面介质、人为污染源、人口密度、气象因素有非常密切的关系。

Inhalable particulate matter(IPM) is one of the principal pollutants in Beijing.Sandy weather in spring and winter seasons results from regional airflow to a certain degree,in most cases from autochthonic pollution,especially in heating season of winter.This paper focused on the spatial and temporal distribution of IPM and the relationship between IPM and its influencing factors,combined with RS techniques as well as ground-based monitoring.It analyzed the change of underlying surface observed from high resolution remote sensing images in different periods.We collected the contents of particles with different diameters by ground observation instrument and analyzed their chemical composition.In addition,this paper studied the relationship of distribution of IPM and underlying surface using spatial analysis of GIS.The results indicate that the distribution of IPM pollution is closely related with underlying surface,man-made pollution sources,population density and meteorological conditions.