Chinese cities have been experiencing the special transitional period from the planned economy based on national/collective economy to market economy based on market regulation with the large-scale restructuring of urban residents' employment-residence spatial structure.Based on the household social surveys of 2001,2005 and 2010,residential and employment mobility and their spatial changes were discussed and impact of employment and residential mobility on urban social spatial restructuring was summarized in this paper.Since the implementation of reform and opening up policies,the rate of urban residents' employment and residential mobility has been increasing fast and led to large-scale social spatial restructuring.There are great regional differences for the rate of residential and employment mobility with the characteristics that the residents in suburbs have a higher rate of mobility,while the residents in inner core have a lower rate of mobility.It is apparent that urban residents prefer to choose the residential or employment location near the former residential or employment location during the process of residential or employment location mobility.Local governments should provide guidance to the choice of residential and employment location to reduce the extent of residential spatial differentiation and spatial excessive separation of employment-residence through adopting the means of urban planning,the employment system reform and housing system reform and other means to strengthen macro-control.