From mathematical model, this paper deals with the characters of sediments transport and deposits of the Lower Yellow River on the average of water and sediments of multiple years and obtains the quantities of sediments reduced when the equilibrium of scour and deposit of sediments is reached in the Lower Yellow River.The results are got as follows.1.It is Possible to use the movable-bed mathematical model of nonequilibrium transport of nonuniform sediment in order to inquire into the characters of sediments transport in the Lower Yellow River.The numerical results conform with the field investigations fundamentally.2.The nonuniformity of longitudinal deposits of sediment in the Lower Yellow River is caused by the nonuniformity of longitudinal deposits of coarse and middle sediments.This conclusion shows that the relationship of contrast of sediments and capacity of sediments transport is different in the sections of river.Generally, sediments conform with the capacity of sediments transport better nearer to the mouth of river.3.The policy of primary and secondary may be taken to bring the Lower Yellow River under control according to the character of sediments deposit.The Coarse and middle sediments are 79.5% in all the sediment deposits, but only 43.3% in the sediments.The river channel has lower ability to transport the coarse and middle sediments.So the coarse and middle sediment must be reduced in the sediments.4.The numerical results show that if the quantities of sediments can be reduced to 42.6%, the equilibrium of scour and deposit of sediments will be readied in the Lower Yellow River.