THis paper analysed the admimstrative levels of productive potentialies and the primary or secondary factors related to productive potentialities,established the administrative levels of the productive potentialities,calculated the ideal productive potentialities and the practical productive potentialities,taking Panicum miliaceum crop in the zhuangaoguo basin in Hequ County as an example.By analysis and calculation,the paper put forward the way to improve the production potentiality of farmland.These will provide a theoretical basis and a practical model for improving the production potentiality on farmland in the basins in northwest Shanxi Province.