The modern term "agro forestry system" derives from agricultural practice.It is an organic combination of agriculture and forestry;ecology and economy; product variation and scientific management.On the basis of analyzing the types and structure of agroforestry system in the "Three Gorge" Reservoir area,the paper points out that agroforestry system can be divided into different structure levels.Taking some typical cases as research examples,the paper compares the benefits of four kinds of structures.The result illustrates that the hedge row agroforestry system on slopeland is an effective way to realize the coordinate development of ecology and economy.