Different types of rock samples, which are collected from different areas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, have been pre-processed and put in the environment of low temperatures with intensified insulation variation. This is to investigate the insulation implication to the rocks under cold conditions. The results of experiments showed that the intensive heat insulation, even under cold conditions, could induce speedy temperature variation of the environment and that in the rock internal structures. This kind of variation was closely related to rock mineral contents. The speedy temperature changes caused the rock internal minerals continue to expand and contract which lead to the damage of the rocks internal structures. The compositions and structures of rocks dominated their weathering process, which may be confirmed by that, to the different types of rocks under conditions of saturated water or salt solutions, the ultrasonic transferring velocities and weights have different variations.