Spatio-temporal changes of landscape eco-security based on structure and function safety: A case study of a large artificial forest planted area in Ximeng county, China
Received date: 2014-12-30
Request revised date: 2015-05-14
Online published: 2015-08-20
Copyright
Landscape structure of a large artificial forest planted area tends to be homogeneous by the intensive disturbance of human activities, and the landscape function has been greatly changed as well as landscape structure. Therefore, it is particularly important to introduce landscape function into landscape ecological security research, which can reflect the change characteristics of landscape ecological security systematically and objectively. Taking Ximeng county, a large artificial forest planted area as the study area, this paper established a landscape ecological security model by landscape structure safety index and landscape function safety index. The landscape structure safety index consists of landscape interference degree and landscape fragile degree, and landscape function safety index consists of ecosystem service value. Then spatiotemporal changes of landscape eco-security in Ximeng from 2000 to 2010 were analyzed by dividing the security degree into three levels from low to high:Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ level. The results showed that: 1) The landscape ecological security model can effectively reflect the ecological safety of every landscape type, and the order of ecological safety degree of landscape type in 2010 is forest>rubber>waters>shrubbery>paddy field >grassland >dry land >construction land. 2) The plantation of large area of artificial forest in the past 10 years has caused the levels of landscape ecological security in Ximeng converted from Ⅲ to Ⅰand Ⅱ. The ecological security degree in the whole county decreased but still stayed at an intermediate level. 3) The landscape ecological security in Ximeng is significantly different in space, which presents an overall pattern of "high in northeast and southeast, and low in northwest and southwest". Landscape ecological security of Zhongke village is the best, while that of Mengsuo village is the worst.
ZHAO Xiaoqing , WANG Xingyou , XIE Pengfei , ZHANG Longfei . Spatio-temporal changes of landscape eco-security based on structure and function safety: A case study of a large artificial forest planted area in Ximeng county, China[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2015 , 34(8) : 1581 -1591 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201508015
Fig. 1 Location of Ximeng county图1 西盟县区位图 |
Tab. 1 Fragile degree of landscape type表1 各景观类型的脆弱度指数 |
| 类型 | 水域 | 旱地 | 茶园 | 橡胶林 | 桉树林 | 草地 | 灌木林 | 水田 | 林地 | 建设用地 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Tab. 2 Landscape function safety index of each landscape stype in Ximeng county表2 西盟县各景观类型的景观功能安全指数 |
| 景观类型 | 有林地 | 水田 | 旱地 | 建设用地 | 草地 | 桉树林 | 茶园 | 灌木林 | 橡胶林 | 水域 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17.24 | 6.74 | 5.45 | 0.40 | 5.72 | 11.27 | 11.90 | 15.39 | 11.84 | 36.29 |
注:生态系统服务价值当量因子是指生态系统产生的生态服务价值相对贡献大小的潜在能力,定义为1 hm2全国平均产量的农田每年自然粮食的经济值。建设用地单位面积生态服务价值当量采用荒漠景观的生态服务价值。 |
Tab. 3 The indices of landscape ecological safety of Ximeng county in 2000 and 2010表3 研究区2000年与2010年各景观类型安全性评价结果 |
| 年份 | 指标 | 桉树林 | 草地 | 茶园 | 灌木林 | 旱地 | 有林地 | 建设用地 | 水田 | 水域 | 橡胶林 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | 0.0517 | 0.1017 | 0.0584 | 0.1400 | 0.0706 | 0.0062 | 0.2714 | 0.1318 | 0.1023 | 0.0405 | |
| 1.5722 | 0.7116 | 1.4103 | 2.5207 | 0.2785 | 0.0493 | 2.2871 | 0.8476 | 6.8599 | 1.7963 | ||
| 0.0071 | 0.0959 | 0.0096 | 0.0129 | 0.3217 | 0.4024 | 0.0486 | 0.0975 | 0.0010 | 0.0034 | ||
| 0.1558 | 0.2564 | 0.1627 | 0.3670 | 0.2913 | 0.2000 | 0.6223 | 0.3199 | 0.4812 | 0.1428 | ||
| 0.1091 | 0.0909 | 0.1455 | 0.0727 | 0.1636 | 0.0364 | 0.0182 | 0.0545 | 0.1818 | 0.1273 | ||
| 0.8300 | 0.7669 | 0.7634 | 0.7331 | 0.5233 | 0.9273 | 0.8869 | 0.8255 | 0.1251 | 0.8183 | ||
| 11.27 | 5.72 | 11.90 | 15.39 | 5.45 | 17.24 | 0.40 | 6.74 | 36.29 | 11.84 | ||
| 3.0584 | 2.0945 | 3.0141 | 3.3589 | 1.6888 | 3.9983 | 0.5956 | 2.3588 | 2.1307 | 3.1126 | ||
| 面积 | 657.70 | 6314.79 | 924.03 | 692.91 | 28643.65 | 80701.48 | 1631.99 | 5768.05 | 68.40 | 394.90 | |
| 2010 | 0.0270 | 0.0970 | 0.0416 | 0.1374 | 0.0589 | 0.0115 | 0.2292 | 0.1073 | 0.0492 | 0.0118 | |
| 0.5857 | 0.8583 | 0.6197 | 2.9773 | 0.2569 | 0.0749 | 1.9463 | 0.7112 | 3.9057 | 0.1608 | ||
| 0.0193 | 0.0610 | 0.0286 | 0.0089 | 0.2885 | 0.2535 | 0.1758 | 0.0847 | 0.0286 | 0.0512 | ||
| 0.0832 | 0.2952 | 0.1261 | 0.5166 | 0.3233 | 0.1750 | 0.7659 | 0.3242 | 0.4009 | 0.0377 | ||
| 0.1091 | 0.0909 | 0.1455 | 0.0727 | 0.1636 | 0.0364 | 0.0182 | 0.0545 | 0.1818 | 0.1273 | ||
| 0.9092 | 0.7317 | 0.8166 | 0.6243 | 0.4710 | 0.9364 | 0.8607 | 0.8232 | 0.2710 | 0.9520 | ||
| 11.27 | 5.72 | 11.90 | 15.39 | 5.45 | 17.24 | 0.40 | 6.74 | 36.29 | 11.84 | ||
| 3.2011 | 2.0458 | 3.1172 | 3.0997 | 1.6022 | 4.0178 | 0.5868 | 2.3555 | 3.1363 | 3.3573 | ||
| 面积 | 2478.53 | 4142.60 | 3410.24 | 487.56 | 28072.58 | 64190.77 | 1902.53 | 6672.21 | 101.53 | 14339.36 |
注:表中指标意义见式(1)~式(2),面积的单位为hm2。 |
Fig. 2 Spatial distribution map of landscape ecological security in Ximeng county between 2000 and 2010图2 2000年与2010年西盟县景观生态安全度空间分布 |
Tab. 4 Inflow and outflow area of landscape ecological security levels in Ximeng county between 2000 and 2010 (hm2)表4 2000-2010年西盟县各景观生态安全等级流入转出面积(hm2) |
| 等级 | Ⅰ级 | Ⅱ级 | Ⅲ级 | 2000年 | 变化量 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ⅰ级 | 21709.87 | 8833.20 | 1142.65 | 31685.72 | 2136.83 |
| Ⅱ级 | 8569.74 | 16052.08 | 4617.62 | 29239.44 | 8134.32 |
| Ⅲ级 | 3542.94 | 12488.48 | 48841.34 | 64872.76 | -10271.14 |
| 2010年 | 33822.54 | 37373.76 | 54601.61 | 125797.91 | - |
Fig. 3 The distribution radio of landscape ecological security levels in each village图3 景观生态安全等级在各乡镇中的比例 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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