Research on the residents' commuting feature of large-scale residential district in suburban Shanghai:A case study of Gucun, Baoshan District
Received date: 2014-12-18
Request revised date: 2015-04-22
Online published: 2015-08-20
Copyright
For a long time, emphasis on the relationship between job and residence and its impact on commuting have been placed by the academia at home and abroad. In China, because of the excessive population concentration, the construction of large-scale residential districts in suburban areas has become the significant method for the metropolis and megalopolis to relieve the population stress of their central city. Hence, the parties related, including city government, academia and residents themselves, focus on the commuting feature of large-scale residential districts. Taking a case study of the Gucun community, Baoshan District, Shanghai, this paper analyzes the residents' worksite and commuting willingness, using methods of questionnaire, comparative analysis and regression model, etc. Based on the residents' general commuting feature, this paper compares 4 classes of population groups at Gucun, including residents in commercial housing, transferred residents from downtown, transferred residents from local village and residents in rental housing. The results show that: from the job-housing relationship, the majority of residents are apt to work nearby, and most of them have relatively high level of commuting satisfaction in general. However, huge differences in the commuting exist between different population groups. The results of regression model of commuting distance and logistic regression model of commuting satisfaction show that the residents' commuting distances are relative to their personal factors, such as income, education, Hukou, family scale, and their commuting satisfaction degrees are mainly affected by commuting distance and commuting willingness, except for the income.
Key words: large suburban community; commuting; worksite; Shanghai
GAN Di , WANG De , ZHU Wei . Research on the residents' commuting feature of large-scale residential district in suburban Shanghai:A case study of Gucun, Baoshan District[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2015 , 34(8) : 1481 -1491 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201508007
Fig. 1 Location of 6 large-scale residential districts in the suburbs in Shanghai图1 近郊6个基地在上海的区位图 |
Fig. 2 Choice of research community图2 调研社区选择示意图 |
Fig. 3 Distribution of residents’ job sites图3 居民通勤地点分布 |
Fig. 4 Distribution of commuting distance图4 居民通勤距离分布频度累计图 |
Fig. 5 Distribution of commuting time图5 居民通勤时间分布频度累计图 |
Fig. 6 Distribution of worksite of different population groups图6 不同居民群体就业地点空间分布 |
Fig. 7 Distribution of commuting distance of different population groups图7 不同居民群体通勤距离频度累计图 |
Tab. 1 Contrast of job feature of different population groups表1 不同居民群体实际通勤特征对比 |
| 住户类型 | 购房户 | 市区拆迁户 | 农村拆迁户 | 租房户 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 平均通勤距离(km) | 13.8 | 14.6 | 5.3 | 2.6 |
| 平均实际通勤时间(min) | 48.0 | 53.0 | 25.0 | 22.0 |
Tab. 2 Contrast of commuting willingness of different population groups表2 不同居民群体意愿通勤特征对比 |
| 住户类型 | 购房户 | 市区拆迁户 | 农村拆迁户 | 租房户 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 平均可容忍通勤时间(min) | 61 | 61 | 45 | 48 |
| 平均合理通勤时间(min) | 36 | 33 | 26 | 30 |
| 在可容忍通勤时间内通勤的比例(%) | 82 | 78 | 86 | 89 |
| 在合理通勤时间内通勤的比例(%) | 42 | 16 | 76 | 89 |
| 通勤满意比例(很满意和比较满意)(%) | 49 | 33 | 60 | 59 |
Tab. 3 Indexes of regression model of commuting distance表3 通勤距离回归模型参数 |
| 变量 | B | t |
|---|---|---|
| 常数项 | 23.756 | 9.002 |
| 月收入 | 0.769** | 2.212 |
| 职业(家庭主妇)(0,1) | -6.83** | -2.15 |
| 职业(技术工人)(0,1) | 4.44*** | 2.492 |
| 初中文化程度(0,1) | -9.429*** | -4.352 |
| 高中(中专)文化程度(0,1) | -10.704*** | -6.232 |
| 专科(0,1) | -6.835*** | -3.83 |
| 家庭规模 | -2.384*** | -3.561 |
| 非上海市户口(0,1) | 3.533* | 1.899 |
| 市区拆迁户(0,1) | 4.788** | 3.342 |
| 农村拆迁户(0,1) | -5.298** | -3.042 |
| 租房户(0,1) | -9.9*** | -4.185 |
注:“*”表示P<0.1,“**”表示P<0.005,“***”表示P<0.001。 |
Tab. 4 Indexes of logistic regression model of commuting satisfaction表4 通勤满意度逻辑斯谛回归模型参数 |
| 变量 | B |
|---|---|
| 月收入(千元) | -0.279* |
| 实际通勤时间是否在可容忍通勤时间之内(0,1) | 1.972** |
| 通勤距离 | 0.118*** |
| 常数项 | -1.95 |
注:“*”表示P<0.1,“**”表示P<0.005,“***”表示P<0.001。 |
Fig. 8 Curve of commuting satisfaction of different levels of income图8 不同收入条件下通勤满意程度曲线 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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