Spatio-temporal evolution and spatial agglomeration of Harbin commercial center
Received date: 2017-02-09
Request revised date: 2017-06-12
Online published: 2017-07-31
Copyright
The business center of a city is the main carrier of the commercial activities. Commercial geography and urban planning, amongst other disciplines, aim to study the content of a city, as well as to examine the commercial space structure, its function, level, structure and morphological changes. All of these factors are important for the scientific layout of a city and they have a direct impact on the structure of the urban space; the spatial design of different commercial formats will affect the formation of a business center. Therefore, the identification of different functional types of the commercial center in a city is important in understanding the spatial structure of a business. In this investigation, we explore the spatial-temporal evolution law and spatial concentration characteristics of the commercial center in Harbin city, China. Point of Interest (POI) data of urban commercial facilities in 2012, 2014 and 2016 is used in combination with standard deviation ellipse analysis, kernel density analysis, the average nearest neighbor distance and spatial analysis methods. Our results indicate that: (1) the number of commercial facilities has increased, the agglomeration of commercial facilities of Harbin has slightly weakened, and the pace of development is not balanced; (2) the concentration of commercial facilities has generally increased and spread to the urban periphery. The volume of high-density commercial facilities is changing and it is basically a characteristic of the "Region+Polar nucleus"; the scope of the commercial center is also a radial planar expansion; (3) commercial facilities of Harbin show the agglomeration pattern of "circle and group". Business layout takes the Center Street as the center to expand outwards and the concentration of various commercial facilities has markedly changed. Based on our results, it is evident that Harbin has significant developmental potential for businesses. It is important to obtain a clear understanding of the formats of commercial resources and the spatial aggregating features of commercial formats in a metropolis. Commercial facilities agglomeration analysis using large volumes of data is already widely used in commercial quantitative research, and significant attention has been given to the agglomeration degree recognition of commercial formats and their cluster characters. If the spatial evolution and agglomeration characteristics of commercial facilities are further understood, a reference value for business planning and macro-control of government departments could be obtained. Our results from commercial activities are also important for strategy-making processes for both governments and retailers.
LI Yang , CHEN Xiaohong . Spatio-temporal evolution and spatial agglomeration of Harbin commercial center[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2017 , 36(7) : 1377 -1385 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201707015
Fig.1 Distribution of the main city of Harbin图1 哈尔滨市主城区分布图 |
Tab.1 Types of commercial facilities POI in Harbin表1 哈尔滨市中心城区商业设施POI数量 |
| POI类型 | 种类 | 2012年POI个数(个) | 2014年POI个数(个) | 2016年POI个数(个) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 购物类 | 便利店、综合市场、超市、家具城、专营店、厨卫市场、建材五金市场、灯具瓷器市场、数码电子、农副产品市场、鲜花店、仓买、水果店、礼品店、服装店等 | 2516 | 10763 | 56336 |
| 餐饮类 | 中餐厅、甜点、快餐厅、东北菜、茶艺馆、特色风味餐厅、川菜、徽菜、冷饮店、糕饼店、清真餐厅、火锅店等 | 2513 | 5082 | 42417 |
| 娱乐休闲类 | 电影院、足球场、酒吧、棋牌室、网吧、游乐场、跆拳道场馆、KTV、台球厅、游泳馆、健身房、采摘园、垂钓园、度假村、疗养院等 | 2670 | 3694 | 3666 |
| 金融类 | 保险公司、ATM机、银行网点、金融保险机构等 | 1300 | 1651 | 4136 |
| 宾馆酒店类 | 旅馆招待所、宾馆酒店、经济型连锁酒店、各星级宾馆、商务酒店等 | 537 | 1527 | 7074 |
Fig.2 Standard deviation ellipse of 2012, 2014 and 2016图2 2012年、2014年、2016年的标准差椭圆 |
Fig.3 The density value of the commercial facilities in 2012, 2014 and 2016图3 2012年、2014年、2016年商业设施的密度值 |
Fig.4 Nuclear density analysis results of various commercial facilities in 2012 and 2016图4 2012年、2016年各类商业设施的核密度分析结果 |
Tab.2 Various agglomerations of commercial facilities in Harbin表2 哈尔滨市各类商业设施集聚变化 |
| POI类型 | 2012年 | 2014年 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R值 | P值 | 平均最近邻距离(m) | 分布特征 | R值 | P值 | 平均最近邻距离(m) | 分布特征 | ||
| 购物类热点 | 0.2875 | 0.00 | 120.39 | 一般集聚 | 0.2536 | 0.00 | 17.73 | 强烈集聚 | |
| 餐饮类热点 | 0.2752 | 0.00 | 110.70 | 一般集聚 | 0.2456 | 0.00 | 19.73 | 强烈集聚 | |
| 娱乐休闲类热点 | 0.3046 | 0.00 | 99.20 | 比较集聚 | 0.4566 | 0.00 | 123.79 | 一般集聚 | |
| 金融类热点 | 0.1814 | 0.00 | 107.20 | 一般集聚 | 0.2556 | 0.00 | 64.17 | 比较集聚 | |
| 宾馆酒店类热点 | 0.5121 | 0.00 | 326.50 | 一般集聚 | 0.3336 | 0.00 | 64.47 | 比较集聚 | |
注:Z值小于-2.58表示集聚,P值小于0.01表示结果显著。 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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