Impact of land use change on grain production efficiency in North China Plain during 2000-2015
Received date: 2017-05-10
Request revised date: 2017-09-12
Online published: 2017-11-20
Copyright
Improving grain production efficiency is an important way to relieve the pressure from cultivated land loss and to ensure grain security. In this paper, we assessed the county-level grain production efficiency with SFA in the North China Plain during 2000-2015. Furthermore, the spatial distribution characteristics of county-level grain production efficiencies were analyzed based on global and local spatial autocorrelation analysis. Finally, we discussed the impact of land use change on grain production efficiency. The main results are as follows: (1) The proportion of counties with grain production efficiency above 0.8 is relatively high, and the average efficiency in 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 were 0.7544, 0.7730, 0.7525 and 0.7518 respectively, which indicates that there is still some scope for improvement in grain production efficiency; (2) Although the global spatial autocorrelation in county-level efficiency is weak, the local spatial autocorrelation in county-level efficiency shows obvious regional differentiation; (3) The input factors, such as rural population, total power of agricultural machinery, the amount of applied chemical fertilizer, the amount of used pesticides, the rural per capita net income and the sown area of grain, have positive effects on the grain production efficiency, however, rural electricity consumption has negative effects; (4) The land use diversity index, cultivated land proportion, cultivated land patch density, land use degree and multiple cropping index were selected to construct the panel data, based on which, the Tobit regression model estimations reveal the effect of land use change on grain production efficiency. The patch density, land use degree and land use diversity index have significant negative effects on grain production efficiency, while multiple cropping index has a significant positive effect on grain production efficiency. Several feasible suggestions were concluded from this study. First, in order to perfect the farmland circulation and scale operation, it is mecessary to strictly enforce land planning, strengthen the protection of basic farmland, avoid the fragment caused by the extensive expansion of rural settlements and urban built-up land. Second, it is important to maintain a certain quantity of cultivated land to guarantee large scale grain production. Third, the agricultural policy must be adjusted to maintain its vitality for grain production, reinforce farmland infrastructure, and reduce the risk of grain production. Fourth, it is necessary to continue financial, political and scientific supports in regions with a high multiple crop index.
YANG Yong , DENG Xiangzheng , LI Zhihui , WU Feng , LI Xiaoyun . Impact of land use change on grain production efficiency in North China Plain during 2000-2015[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2017 , 36(11) : 2171 -2183 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201711011
Fig. 1 The location and land use of the study area in 2015图1 研究区位置及2015年土地利用现状 |
Tab. 1 The descriptive statistics of main inputs表1 主要投入变量的统计描述 |
| 投入变量 | 2000年 | 2005年 | 2010年 | 2015年 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 均值 | 标准差 | 均值 | 标准差 | 均值 | 标准差 | 均值 | 标准差 | |
| 乡村农业人口(万人) | 32.39 | 18.91 | 33.74 | 18.79 | 35.80 | 21.03 | 35.51 | 21.80 |
| 农村用电量(万kW·h) | 11709.16 | 12261.91 | 21817.15 | 33027.92 | 35890.05 | 58451.25 | 38720.37 | 65886.26 |
| 农业机械总动力(万kW) | 59.35 | 36.88 | 98.59 | 118.33 | 99.64 | 61.79 | 110.99 | 66.14 |
| 化肥施用折纯量(t) | 36601.25 | 30277.26 | 54319.18 | 71803.79 | 66787.53 | 82188.22 | 68994.55 | 43049.21 |
| 农药施用量(t) | 876.94 | 819.7 | 1221.33 | 1662.07 | 1452.93 | 2093.62 | 1466.85 | 2277.96 |
| 农民人均纯收入(元) | 2476.44 | 581.3 | 3380.06 | 1073.96 | 5893.18 | 1404.16 | 8144.62 | 1523.21 |
| 粮食播种面积(km2) | 76210 | 67570 | 82230 | 72310 | 88590 | 76470 | 91160 | 69120 |
Tab. 2 Estimates of stochastic frontier production function for grain production efficiency表2 粮食生产效率随机前沿生产函数模型的参数估计结果 |
| 系数 | 标准差 | t统计量 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| β0 | 8.4027 | 0.6350 | 13.2334 | |
| lnR | β1 | 0.0306 | 0.0304 | 1.0067 |
| lnE | β2 | -0.0376 | 0.0172 | -2.1845 |
| lnM | β3 | 0.1169 | 0.0404 | 2.8934 |
| lnF | β4 | 0.0908 | 0.0368 | 2.4695 |
| lnP | β5 | 0.0791 | 0.0249 | 3.1696 |
| lnI | β6 | 0.0272 | 0.0653 | 0.4164 |
| lnC | β7 | 0.6681 | 0.0500 | 13.3505 |
| δ2 | 0.2541 | 0.0228 | 11.1244 | |
| γ | 0.9623 | 0.0094 | 102.6923 | |
| log likelihood function | -51.9510 | |||
| LR | 173.3650 | |||
Fig. 2 The distribution of grain production efficiency in North China Plain during 2000-2015图2 2000-2015年华北平原粮食生产效率空间分布 |
Fig. 3 LISA cluster chart for grain production efficiency in North China Plain图3 华北平原粮食生产效率空间自相关集聚图 |
Tab. 3 The descriptive statistics of land use change variables表3 土地利用变化变量的统计描述 |
| 变量 | 2000年 | 2005年 | 2010年 | 2015年 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 均值 | 标准差 | 均值 | 标准差 | 均值 | 标准差 | 均值 | 标准差 | |
| 土地利用多样性指数 | 0.69 | 0.25 | 0.7 | 0.25 | 0.7 | 0.25 | 0.71 | 0.25 |
| 耕地面积比例(%) | 75.78 | 12.84 | 75.04 | 13.37 | 74.56 | 13.59 | 73.87 | 13.77 |
| 耕地斑块密度(个/km2) | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.1 |
| 土地利用程度指数 | 3.06 | 0.16 | 3.06 | 0.16 | 3.07 | 0.16 | 3.08 | 0.16 |
| 复种指数 | 1.16 | 0.48 | 1.28 | 0.52 | 1.32 | 0.51 | 1.39 | 0.54 |
Fig. 4 Moving track of grain production efficiency and land use variables gravity center during 2000-2015图4 2000-2015年粮食生产效率与土地利用变量重心移动轨迹 |
Tab. 4 Impact of land use change on grain production efficiency in North China Plain表4 华北平原土地利用变化对粮食生产效率影响的面板数据估计 |
| 变量 | 系数1 | 系数2 | 系数3 | 系数4 | 系数5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.8240*** | 0.7336*** | 0.7561*** | 0.8212*** | 0.9082*** | |
| (77.9446) | (17.4208) | (16.6285) | (7.3302) | (8.1780) | |
| 土地利用多样性指数 | -0.0942*** | -0.052** | -0.0561** | -0.0657** | -0.0673** |
| (-6.6257) | (-2.7901) | (-2.6258) | (-2.5073) | (-2.6079) | |
| 耕地面积比例 | 0.0009*** | 0.0006** | 0.0006* | 0.0008* | |
| (2.2169) | (1.3714) | (1.2694) | (1.8909) | ||
| 耕地斑块密度 | -0.0770* | -0.0700* | -0.0816* | ||
| (-1.3082) | (-1.1693) | (-1.3850) | |||
| 土地利用程度指数 | -0.0182 | -0.0767*** | |||
| (-0.6359) | (-2.6049) | ||||
| 复种指数 | 0.0738*** | ||||
| (6.8051) |
注:***、**、*分别表示在1%、5%和10%水平下显著。 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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