Green industrial transformation path of Chinese coastal areas based on coupling types of industrial development with environment
Received date: 2018-02-28
Request revised date: 2018-05-30
Online published: 2018-08-20
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As the Chinese population and industrial highly concentrated area, eastern coastal areas accepted a large volume of foreign and domestic investment and became one of the global factories. However, this industrial development process was at the cost of high resources input, environmental pollution, ecological damage and land resource shortage. Taking prefecture-level cities as research units, this paper defined the industrial green transformation coefficient and environmental pressure change coefficient, analyzed the spatial patterns of evolution of industrial structure and efficient and environmental pressure. Further, 114 prefecture-level administrative units were classified into four types of zones with a two-dimensional four-quadrant division method. Also, corresponding suggestions for green transformation routes and environmental regulation were proposed to different zones were proposed.
As for pressure reduction & industries green transformation zones, they are mainly composed of two types of area, one is the core cities of Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations and the other is the inland cities taking ecological conservation as the regional main function. We should encourage the former to develop smart and high-level manufacturing, and limit the entering and layout of high-pollution industries for the latter. As for pressure reduction & industries non-green transformation zones, they are only located in several core cities of urban agglomeration, such as Beijing, Tianjin, Hangzhou and Dalian, which have some heavy chemical industrial projects, and some cities in eastern Guangdong and eastern Guangxi. We should strengthen the function of "command and control" at the heart of the urban agglomeration for those core cities, develop modern service industries, limit the development of heavy and chemical industries and drop out low-level manufactures based on the strict environmental standard. Given the environmental problems caused by industrial spatial transfer in some cities of western Guangdong and eastern Guangxi, attention should be given to increasing technical level of transferring products producing and pollutants processing. As for pressure intensification & industries green transformation zones, they mainly include some traditional old industrial base cities. Hence, their industrial restructuring should focus on improving industrial technical level, cultivating and developing new materials, energy-saving and environmental protection industries, and cut backward and excessive production capacity based on strict environmental regulation standards. As for pressure intensification & industries non-green transformation zones, they are mainly distributed in the coastal cities with heavy chemical industry projects or the peripheral cities that undertake the industrial spatial transfer, where the environmental criteria of industrial and space access should be upgraded.
MA Li . Green industrial transformation path of Chinese coastal areas based on coupling types of industrial development with environment[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2018 , 37(8) : 1587 -1598 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj201808009
Tab. 1 Ratio of pollutant discharges of each industrial sector in total pollution and pollutant per unit of output表1 2013年高污染负荷部门在工业污染排放总量中的占比及单位产值排放量 |
| 行业 | 工业废水排放 | 行业 | 工业废气排放 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 在排放总量 中的占比(%) | 单位产值排放量(t/万元) | 在排放总量中 的占比(%) | 单位产值排放量(m3/元) | ||
| 造纸及纸制品业 | 14.91 | 40.48 | 电力、热力生产和供应 | 33.68 | 12.14 |
| 化学原料和化学制品 | 13.87 | 4.31 | 黑色金属冶炼及压延加工 | 25.85 | 3.93 |
| 纺织业 | 11.21 | 17.53 | 非金属矿物制品业 | 17.98 | 7.77 |
| 煤炭开采和洗选业 | 7.46 | 11.26 | 有色金属冶炼及压延加工 | 4.88 | 1.72 |
| 农副食品加工业 | 7.26 | 9.99 | 化学原料和化学制品 | 4.71 | 0.51 |
| 电力、热力生产和供应 | 5.01 | 5.17 | 造纸及纸制品业 | 1.00 | 0.95 |
| 黑色金属冶炼及压延加工 | 4.95 | 2.15 | 农副食品加工业 | 0.76 | 0.36 |
| 有色金属矿采选业 | 2.76 | 26.41 | 纺织业 | 0.43 | 0.23 |
| 非金属矿物制品业 | 1.52 | 1.88 | 煤炭开采和洗选业 | 0.35 | 0.19 |
| 小计 | 68.965 | 小计 | 89.636 | ||
Fig. 1 Evolution of industrial structure of Chinese coastal area from 2000 to 2013图1 2000-2013年沿海地区工业部门结构的演变 |
Fig. 2 Evolution of industries structure transformation of Chinese coastal areas from 2005 to 2013图2 2005-2013年沿海地区结构转型格局 |
Fig. 3 Spatial pattern of change of pollutant emission per output and efficiency transfer of coastal area图3 2005-2013年沿海地区单位工业产值污染物排放效率变化与效率转型系数 |
Fig. 4 Spatial pattern of industrial green transformation coefficient of coastal area from 2005 to 2013图4 2005-2013年沿海地区产业绿色化转型系数空间分布格局 |
Fig. 5 Spatial pattern of change of industrial pollutant per area and environmental pressure of coastal area图5 2005-2013年沿海地区单位面积污染物排放强度和环境压力变化 |
Fig. 6 Type division according to industrial green transformation and environmental pressure coefficients图6 沿海地区产业转型与环境压力耦合类型分区 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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