Geographic detection and multifunctional land use from the perspective of urban diversity: A case study of Changchun
Received date: 2017-07-27
Request revised date: 2018-08-11
Online published: 2019-02-20
Copyright
Mixed and multifunctional land uses have been identified as an enabling way to promote urban vibrancy and yield socio-economic benefits. As a key strategy in New Urbanism and Smart Growth, mixed use has been widely accepted in urban planning for promoting urban vibrancy and sustainability. This study aims to reveal the differences in the spatial distribution characteristics of different types of mixed use and the influencing factors of their distribution in Changchun central district from the perspective of urban diversity. Based on the POI data in the central district of Changchun, this study focuses on four function categories: Residence, office, commerce, and leisure. Location quotient, entropy index, and Geodetector are used to explore the distribution features and influencing factors of mixed use in Changchun. Serveral conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) Mixed use is the major form of street scale function elements distribution, from the perspective of concentration. All types of elements form a functional gathering area of specialization, but there are large differences between the degrees of specialization. The distribution of concentration of functional elements shows consistent trends with the overall quantity distribution. (2) The degrees of mixed use performance of core-periphery spatial differences reflects that the degree of the core street area a is higher than that of the external zone. The degrees of mixed use of office, commerce, and leisure is stronger than their mixture degree with residence. (3) The main features of mixed use at street scale are the mixed multi-functions compatible with each other. Among the various types of functional elements, leisure and commercial elements have a higher degree of interaction with others, which means that they have a strong compatibility, with the positive effect on mixed use. (4) The spatial heterogeneity of the degrees of mixed use is significant. The primary determinants of the spatial distribution of mixed use include: land price, number of leisure elements and commercial elements. The total number of functional elements, the density of population and the density of road network variables show a weak influence on the differentiation of multifunctional land use. Except that the land price varies, other influencing factors behave differently in the by-type mixed use impact mechanism.
Key words: urban diversity; mixed use; influencing factor; POI; Geodetector; Changchun
HAO Feilong , SHI Xiang , BAI Xue , WANG Shijun . Geographic detection and multifunctional land use from the perspective of urban diversity: A case study of Changchun[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2019 , 38(2) : 247 -258 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj020170705
Fig. 1 The necessary conditions for urban diversity图1 产生城市多样性的必要条件 |
Fig. 2 Overview of the study area图2 研究区域概况 |
Tab. 1 Types, numbers, and proportions of POI data表1 各功能要素POI数据类别、数量及占比 |
| 功能要素类型 | POI子类 | POI数量(个) | 比例(%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 居住功能 | 房产小区/住宅楼 | 19789 | 25.50 |
| 办公功能 | 政府机关、传媒机构、外国机构、社会团体、公检法机构、工商税务机构、科研机构、银行金融、公司企业、工厂等 | 19961 | 25.72 |
| 商业功能 | 便利店、小商品市场、超市、综合商场、烟酒专卖店、农贸市场、服饰鞋包、化妆品、礼品、钟表、眼镜、体育户外、自行车专卖、花卉店、古玩字画、图书音像、珠宝饰品店、文化用品、诊所、药房药店、摩托车及配件销售、汽车销售、汽车配件销售、五金零售、二手车交易市场、数码家电、家具家居建材等 | 33441 | 43.09 |
| 休闲功能 | 电影院、迪厅、剧场、音乐厅、酒吧、茶馆、KTV、游乐场、网吧、健身会馆、游戏厅、棋牌室、采摘园、垂钓园、咖啡厅、洗浴、体育馆、桌球馆、养生休闲、足疗 | 4411 | 5.69 |
Fig. 3 Distribution of location entropy and quantitative grade of POI data at street scale in Changchun图3 长春市各街道单元功能要素数量等级及区位熵分布 |
Fig.4 Distribution of the degrees of mixed use at street scale in Changchun图4 长春市各街道单元多功能要素复合度分布 |
Fig. 5 The quantitative characteristics of mixed use of different types图5 各功能要素复合类型数量特征 |
Tab. 2 Determinants and definition of the spatial distribution of the degrees of mixed use表2 功能复合空间分异的影响因素及定义 |
| 变量 | 编码 | 变量设定 | 均值 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 因变量 | |||
| 综合复合度 | Y1 | 多功能要素的综合复合度 | 0.90 |
| 各类型复合度 | Yn | 不同类型功能要素间的复合度 | |
| 自变量 | |||
| 功能要素总量 | X1 | 各街道四类功能要素的总数量(个) | 1232 |
| 居住要素数量 | X2 | 各街道居住要素数量(个) | 314 |
| 办公要素数量 | X3 | 各街道办公要素数量(个) | 317 |
| 商业要素数量 | X4 | 各街道商业要素数量(个) | 531 |
| 休闲要素数量 | X5 | 各街道休闲要素数量(个) | 70 |
| 人口密度 | X6 | 街道平均人口密度(万人/km2) | 1.42 |
| 土地价格 | X7 | 商业土地基准地价,共划分为8级 | 4.48 |
| 路网密度 | X8 | 街道平均路网密度(km/km2) | 15.07 |
| 道路交叉口数量 | X9 | 各街道范围内道路交叉口数量(个) | 92 |
Tab. 3 Detection results of the influencing factors of the degrees of mixed use (q value)表3 功能复合度影响因子探测结果(q值) |
| 因变量Y | X1 | X2 | X3 | X4 | X5 | X6 | X7 | X8 | X9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 综合 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.28 | 0.15 | 0.09 |
| 居住—办公 | 0.17 | 0.23 | 0.06 | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.10 | 0.27 | 0.18 | 0.09 |
| 居住—商业 | 0.11 | 0.19 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 0.18 | 0.09 | 0.24 | 0.17 | 0.06 |
| 居住—休闲 | 0.06 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.07 | 0.40 | 0.26 | 0.10 |
| 办公—商业 | 0.19 | 0.02 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.13 |
| 办公—休闲 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.49 | 0.20 | 0.35 |
| 商业—休闲 | 0.14 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.21 | 0.16 | 0.22 | 0.11 | 0.13 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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