Comparative study on the mountain elevation effect of the Tibetan Plateau and the Alps
Received date: 2019-09-02
Request revised date: 2019-11-07
Online published: 2021-01-19
Copyright
Mountain elevation effect (MEE) not only produces important effect on climate, but also has profound implications for regional geo-ecology pattern. Most researches have been focused on its role as the heat source in summer and its implications for Asian climate, but little has been done on the comparative study of MEE among different mountains and theirs implications for the position of mountain altitudinal belts (MABs). Therefore, there is insufficient understanding of the regional differences of MEE, and the accuracy of the digital model of the mountain effect is not high, which seriously interferes with our understanding of the mechanism of the MEE and its influence on the vertical zone. This article selects the two mountainous regions of Eurasia, the Tibetan Plateau and the Alps, which have obvious mountain effects as the study areas. Using estimated air temperature data, alpine tree line data and ASTER GDEM data, this paper compares air temperature at the same altitude and the distribution heights of alpine tree lines between the two mountains and demonstrates the differences of MEE between the Tibetan Plateau and the Alps. The results indicate that the MEE of the Tibetan Plateau is much more stronger than that of the Alps. Firstly, due to the influence of MEE, at the same altitude (4500 m), the temperature in the Tibetan Plateau is much higher than that in the Alps, especially the temperature of the warmest month in the inner Tibetan Plateau is 10-15°C higher than that in the inner Alps, and the temperature of the coldest month in the inner Tibetan Plateau is 5-10°C higher than that in the inner Alps. Secondly, due to the influence of MEE, the alpine tree line in the inner Tibetan Plateau is also 2000-3000 m higher than that in the inner Alps. This study is a foundation for the analysis of MEE influence factors such as the mountain scale, the mountain structure and the height, and it has certain scientific significance for revealing the pattern of mountain ecosystem in Eurasia.
SUO Nandongzhu , YAO Yonghui , ZHANG Baiping . Comparative study on the mountain elevation effect of the Tibetan Plateau and the Alps[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2020 , 39(11) : 2568 -2580 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj020190755
表1 青藏高原与阿尔卑斯山最热月和最冷月等温线分布高度及林线高度对比Tab. 1 Isotherms of the warmest and coldest months and the heights of tree line in the Tibetan Plateau and the Alps |
| 位置 | 东部边缘 | 内部 | 西部边缘 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 青藏高原 | 阿尔卑斯 | 青藏高原 | 阿尔卑斯 | 青藏高原 | 阿尔卑斯 | ||
| 最冷月 | 0℃等温线高度(m) | 1500~2500 | 500~1000 | 3000~3500 | 1000~2000 | 2000~3000 | 800~1000 |
| 5℃等温线高度(m) | 500~1500 | <1000 | ~~ | ~~ | 500~1500 | <1000 | |
| 最热月 | 5℃等温线高度(m) | 4500~5000 | 2000~2500 | 5000~5500 | 2000~3000 | 4000~5000 | 2000~2500 |
| 10℃等温线高度(m) | 3500~4500 | 1500~2000 | 4000~5500 | 2000~2500 | 3500~4000 | 1600~2000 | |
| 林线高度(m) | 3200~3800 | 1600~1700 | 4000~4900 | 2000~2400 | 3200~3800 | 1800~2000 | |
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