Geomorphic feature of the Zhuanglang River Basin in the eastern margin of Qilian Mountains and its tectonic implications
Received date: 2022-04-11
Accepted date: 2022-08-15
Online published: 2023-01-31
Since the late Cenozoic, the northeast extension of the Tibetan Plateau has resulted in a strong tectonic uplift in the Qilian Mountains, which formed a complex tectonic pattern and a rapidly changing tectonic landform in the Qilian Mountains. The geomorphological features of the typical river basins reveal the neotectonic activity and geomorphological evolution in the region. The Zhuanglang River basin is located in the eastern segment of Qilian Mountains. As the front area of the northeast expansion of the Tibetan Plateau, the geomorphic parameters of the Zhuanglang River basin are very sensitive to tectonic activities. Extraction of geomorphic information in the Zhuanglang River Basin is helpful to reveal the response of geomorphic to tectonic activity, and to systematically discuss the geomorphic development characteristics and its tectonic significance in the area. There are Zhuanglang River fault, south Tianzhu Basin fault, Gedagou concealed fault and Jinqiang river-Maomaoshan-Laohushan fault in the basin and its margins. Since the late Cenozoic, these faults have been active and control the tectonic deformation, mountain uplift and river drainage geomorphology development in the basin. Based on ALOS DEM 12.5-m data and ArcGIS spatial analysis tool, this study conducted a preliminary analysis on the geomorphic characteristics of Zhuanglang River basin through elevation strip section, river slope index system (K, SL, SL/K) and Hack section, area-elevation integral value (HI) and integral curve (HC). The results show that the topographic relief in the Zhuanglang River area decreases from NW to SE, and the tectonic activity has the rule of east-west differentiation. The K, SL, SL/K and HI values in the west are higher than those in the east, and the up convexity in the west of Hack profile is more obvious than that in the east. The west side of HC curve is mostly convex or S-shaped, and the mutation of SL is mainly controlled by fault tectonic activities. The uplift rate of the west side of the basin is higher than the erosion rate, and the geomorphic evolution is in the early or mature stage. The Zhuanglang River fault still has tectonic activity since the late Cenozoic, and the drainage pattern of the Zhuanglang River area is controlled by reverse wash slip.
Key words: Zhuanglang River fault; tectonic geomorphology; DEM; geomorphic indices
CAO Pengju , LIU Xiaobo , CHENG Sanyou , XIAO Liang , WANG Xi . Geomorphic feature of the Zhuanglang River Basin in the eastern margin of Qilian Mountains and its tectonic implications[J]. GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, 2023 , 42(1) : 262 -279 . DOI: 10.11821/dlyj020220345
表1 庄浪河流域31条次级河流主要地貌参数Tab. 1 Parameters list of the 31 rivers of the piedmont drainage in the middle segment of the Zhuanglang River Drainage Basin |
| 河流编号 | 河流长度L(km) | 流域面积A(km2) | K | SL | SL/K | HI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R1 | 4.21 | 34.52 | 72.25 | 50.76 | 0.69 | 0.40 |
| R2 | 10.70 | 77.38 | 276.17 | 175.68 | 0.68 | 0.37 |
| R3 | 10.16 | 36.23 | 168.08 | 115.67 | 0.60 | 0.32 |
| R4 | 9.82 | 40.21 | 143.96 | 104.33 | 0.79 | 0.28 |
| R5 | 7.60 | 33.75 | 132.27 | 93.58 | 0.71 | 0.32 |
| R6 | 13.45 | 77.28 | 353.64 | 25.02 | 0.07 | 0.38 |
| R7 | 26.58 | 307.83 | 613.62 | 425.39 | 0.71 | 0.39 |
| R8 | 14.65 | 102.37 | 195.88 | 88.11 | 0.45 | 0.39 |
| R9 | 19.37 | 190.08 | 263.22 | 231.23 | 0.88 | 0.39 |
| R10 | 9.64 | 45.39 | 175.77 | 123.35 | 0.70 | 0.50 |
| R11 | 15.65 | 46.31 | 195.88 | 179.80 | 0.81 | 0.51 |
| R12 | 16.59 | 89.64 | 164.99 | 144.47 | 0.88 | 0.51 |
| R13 | 12.04 | 100.20 | 86.83 | 68.09 | 0.78 | 0.50 |
| R14 | 7.39 | 45.79 | 32.41 | 102.06 | 3.15 | 0.40 |
| R15 | 17.58 | 56.05 | 59.44 | 106.60 | 1.79 | 0.45 |
| R16 | 21.23 | 247.21 | 126.42 | 107.37 | 0.85 | 0.44 |
| R17 | 12.83 | 84.78 | 120.95 | 72.35 | 0.60 | 0.29 |
| R18 | 22.97 | 107.05 | 187.19 | 123.49 | 0.66 | 0.31 |
| R19 | 21.55 | 43.34 | 347.40 | 144.47 | 0.88 | 0.41 |
| R20 | 17.22 | 37.15 | 299.78 | 154.98 | 0.52 | 0.48 |
| R21 | 19.38 | 52.15 | 330.87 | 254.85 | 2.28 | 0.53 |
| R22 | 27.33 | 388.92 | 198.17 | 24.93 | 0.13 | 0.31 |
| R23 | 15.07 | 102.61 | 181.32 | 130.63 | 0.72 | 0.43 |
| R24 | 12.40 | 68.27 | 126.42 | 136.81 | 1.08 | 0.30 |
| R25 | 5.59 | 55.10 | 112.35 | 72.08 | 0.65 | 0.34 |
| R26 | 8.17 | 37.46 | 144.29 | 108.46 | 0.75 | 0.36 |
| R27 | 7.19 | 26.13 | 131.51 | 81.53 | 0.62 | 0.30 |
| R28 | 14.25 | 35.33 | 304.35 | 150.42 | 0.49 | 0.36 |
| R29 | 7.72 | 34.01 | 165.20 | 118.04 | 0.71 | 0.29 |
| R30 | 12.21 | 49.59 | 312.46 | 105.02 | 0.34 | 0.35 |
| R31 | 8.27 | 35.86 | 154.56 | 123.63 | 0.80 | 0.49 |
图5 庄浪河流域K、SL、SL/K空间分布图及庄浪河流域地质简图Fig. 5 Spatial distribution of K, SL, SL/K in the Zhuanglang River Drainage Basin and geological sketchof the Zhuanglang River Drainage Basin |
图6 干流西侧支流及干流的标准河流坡降SL/K和Hack剖面Fig. 6 SL/K and Hack profiles of standard river slopes on the west side of the main stream |
真诚感谢两位匿名审稿专家在论文评审中所付出的时间和精力,专家对定量地貌研究方法的运用和地貌证据分析方面的建议对文章质量提升有很大帮助。
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